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目的分析儿科急性上呼吸道感染门诊患者抗菌药物使用价值,探讨抗菌药物的应用合理性。方法采取回顾性研究方法,选择河北北方学院附属第一医院2011年11月至2014年11月呼儿科急性上呼吸道感染的急诊患者的处方一共1 300张,采用SPSS12.0统计学软件进行统计分析。结果选取的1 300张处方中,患者使用抗菌药物的处方有1 020张(78.46%);其中有28种抗菌药物,一共使用1 200次。其中最常使用的抗菌素类是以下几种:头孢菌素类、头孢素类以及阿奇霉素类。使用单一的抗菌药物有1 015例,概率为78.08%;有203例是2种抗菌药物一起使用;其中有100例口服抗菌药物者,其概率为49.26%(100/203);其他药物有82例,其概率为6.30%。有1 000例静脉注射者,其概率为76.92%(1 000/1 300)。排名在前9位的抗菌素用药天数为2 010 d,分布范围在3.1~6.5 d,用药的次数为1 021次;药物利用指数(DUI)值分布在0.89~1.36,平均DUI值为(1.01±0.04)。结论医院内儿科急性上呼吸道感染门诊患者抗菌药物使用价值比较高,使用的范围也比较合理。
Objective To analyze the value of antibacterials in outpatients with pediatric acute upper respiratory tract infection and to explore the rationality of antibacterials. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select a total of 1 300 prescriptions for emergency patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection in pediatrics from November 2011 to November 2014 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University and to conduct statistical analysis using SPSS12.0 statistical software . Results Of the 1 300 prescriptions selected, there were 1 020 prescriptions (78.46%) of patients taking antimicrobials; among them 28 were antimicrobials and 1,200 were used in total. Among the most commonly used antibiotics are the following: cephalosporins, cephalosporins and azithromycin. There were 1 015 cases using a single antimicrobial agent with a probability of 78.08%; 203 cases were used together with 2 antimicrobial agents; among them 100 cases were oral antimicrobial agents with a probability of 49.26% (100/203); other drugs were 82 For example, the probability is 6.30%. There were 1,000 intravenous injectors with a probability of 76.92% (1000/1 300). The top 9 antibacterials were treated for 2 010 days with a distribution range of 3.1-6.5 d and a dosage of 1 021 times. DUI values ranged from 0.89 to 1.36 and mean DUI values were (1.01 ± 0.04). Conclusion The use of antimicrobial drugs in outpatients with pediatric acute upper respiratory tract infection in hospitals is relatively high and the range of use is reasonable.