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我們最近曾在两个学校試教过十年制初中物理第一册(試用本)的一部分教材。我們感到,了解学生,根据学生的特点来进行教学是很重要的。例如,在讲阿基米德定律以前,我們曾从原校任課教师那里了解到,学生在理解这个定律上往往会訊为物体浸在水中越深,所受的浮力就越大;还有不少学生对“排开”的液体不理解,总认为就是“同体积”的液体。在讲解的时候,我們就針对这些問題想了一些办法。对前一个問題,除了說明浸在液体中的物体所受的上下压力差不随深度而改变,因而所受的浮力也跟深度无关外,还特别增加了一个演示,用彈簧秤来称同一物体浸沒在液体中不同深度时的重量,让学生亲眼看到这个重量跟深度无关。对后一个問題,我
We have recently experimented with teaching materials for a part of the 10-year junior high school physics first (probationary) version in two schools. We feel it is important to understand the students and to teach them according to the characteristics of the students. For example, before we talk about Archimedes’ law, we learned from our former teachers that students tend to understand that the deeper the object is immersed in water, the greater the buoyancy it receives; and the less Fewer students on the “open” liquid do not understand, always considered to be “the same volume” of liquid. In explaining, we think of some solutions to these problems. The previous question, in addition to indicating that the difference between the up and down pressures experienced by objects immersed in liquid does not change with depth, and therefore the buoyancy suffered is also independent of depth, with the addition of a special demonstration that a spring scale is used to refer to the same object immersed in Liquid at different depths of weight, so that students see this weight has nothing to do with the depth. For the latter question, I