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水解性聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)被广泛应用于油田生产。与物理化学方法相比,生物法降解HPAM不会产生危害周围神经系统的丙烯酰胺单体。利用实验室保藏的菌种降解含聚污水,以原油作为碳源,通过单因素试验和正交试验,考察了氮源、磷源、活化次数、接种量、温度、矿化度、pH值、降解时间等因素对降解率的影响。结果表明,HPAM生物降解的最佳工艺条件如下:以含聚污水中的HPAM为氮源,无需外加氮源,以K2HPO4为磷源,细菌活化2次,降解时间为3 d,pH=7,接种量为5%,培养温度为35℃,矿化度为4 000 mg/L。在上述条件下,HPAM降解率为62.1%。极差分析表明,氮源、降解时间、pH值、活化次数、接种量和矿化度是影响降解率的重要因素。通过红外光谱分析HPAM的生物降解产物,HPAM分子中的酰胺基在微生物的作用下转化为羧基。
Hydrolyzable polyacrylamide (HPAM) is widely used in oilfield production. Compared with physicochemical methods, biodegradation of HPAM does not produce acrylamide monomer that can damage the peripheral nervous system. Using laboratory-preserved bacteria to degrade poly-contaminated water and crude oil as carbon source, the effects of nitrogen source, phosphorus source, activation times, inoculum size, temperature, salinity, Degradation time and other factors on the degradation rate. The results showed that the optimum conditions of biodegradation of HPAM were as follows: HPAM was used as nitrogen source in the polluted water, without external nitrogen source and K2HPO4 as phosphorus source, the bacteria were activated twice with a degradation time of 3 days, pH = 7, The inoculum size was 5%, the culture temperature was 35 ℃ and the salinity was 4 000 mg / L. Under the above conditions, HPAM degradation rate was 62.1%. The range analysis showed that nitrogen source, degradation time, pH value, activation times, inoculum size and salinity were the important factors affecting the degradation rate. The HPAM biodegradation products were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The amide groups in the HPAM molecules were converted to carboxyl groups by microorganisms.