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60年代是发展中国家经济增长举世瞩目的时代,作为一个整体,发展中国家平均的人均收入增长了50％。但是,这种增长在各个国家之间、一个国家的不同地区之间以及不同社会集团之间的分配是非常不均等的。当发展中国家以经济增长速度成功地超过了第一个发展十年的预期目标而跨入70年代的时候,它们所面临的重要挑战却是收入分配的不平均和失业,以及由此引起的贫困问题。同时,那些仅仅把总量的经济增长作为经济发展目标的理论和政策也日益引起了人们的怀疑和批评。经济增长的利益分配这个早期人们不愿深究的课题便成了理论和实践中重要的争论问题。
The sixties were an era when the economic growth in developing countries made world-wide prominence. As a whole, the average per capita income of developing countries increased by 50%. However, this growth is highly unequal among countries, among different regions of a country, and between different social groups. When developing countries successfully crossed the expected target of their first Decade by economic growth and stepped into the 1970s, the major challenges they face are the inequality in income distribution and unemployment, and the resulting Poverty. At the same time, those theories and policies that regard only aggregate economic growth as the goal of economic development have increasingly aroused people’s suspicion and criticism. The issue of interest distribution of economic growth, an issue that people did not want to study in the early days, became an important issue in theory and practice.