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目的 探讨大鼠生精小管面积、管腔等体视学参数与生精细胞增殖、凋亡在发育过程中的变化及其之间的关系。 方法 应用免疫细胞化学、凋亡细胞原位检测和图像分析技术。 结果 大鼠从出生后生精小管平均面积逐渐增加 ,于生后 3月龄时达到最大 ,除与生后 6月龄组差异不显著外 ,与其他各组间差异显著 (P <0 0 5 ) ,6月龄后生精小管面积逐渐减少 ,2 5月龄时生精小管面积与 3周龄时相当 ;生精小管在 3周龄时开始出现管腔 ,在生后 6月龄时其平均面积最大 ,与其他各组间差异显著或极显著 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ,至生后 2 5月龄 ,管腔不明显 ,多被结缔组织填充 ;生精细胞间于生后 10月龄开始出现空泡 ,生后 2 5月龄空泡化明显 ,生精小管基膜及间质血管增生严重。PCNA及凋亡的阳性表达在生后 3周龄出现高峰 ,生后 2 5月龄细胞凋亡又出现 1个高峰。 结论 1 生后 3周龄至 3月龄生精细胞增殖旺盛是生精小管平均面积迅速增大的原因之一。 2 生后一定阶段生精小管管腔的出现与生精细胞的凋亡有关 ,而生精小管管腔的出现有利于精子的生成与运输。 3 衰老大鼠生殖功能的下降与其组织结构的纤维化及生精小管基膜厚度增加等因素有关
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of the area of seminiferous tubules, the stereological parameters of the lumen and the proliferation and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in development and the relationship between them. Methods Immunocytochemistry, in situ detection of apoptotic cells and image analysis techniques were used. Results The average area of seminiferous tubules in rats increased gradually after birth and reached the maximum at 3 months of age, with significant difference (P <0 05) with other groups except for 6 months after birth , The area of seminiferous tubules gradually decreased after 6 months of age, and the area of seminiferous tubules at 25 months of age was comparable with that of 3 weeks. The seminiferous tubules began to show lumen at 3 weeks of age and their average area at 6 months after birth (P <0.05 or P <0.01), and no obvious lumen was found at 25 months after birth. Most of them were filled with connective tissue. After 10 months of age, vacuoles began to appear, with obvious vacuolation at 25 months of age and serious hyperplasia of seminiferous tubules and interstitial blood vessels. The positive expression of PCNA and apoptosis peaked at 3 weeks after birth, and peak appeared at 25 months after birth. CONCLUSIONS: The proliferation of spermatogenic cells from 3 weeks to 3 months after birth is one of the reasons for the rapid increase of the average area of seminiferous tubules. 2 after birth a certain stage of spermatogenic small tube lumen and spermatogenic cells apoptosis, and spermatogenic small tube lumen is conducive to the generation and transport of sperm. The decline of reproductive function in aged rats was related to the fibrosis of the tissue structure and the increase of the basement membrane thickness of seminiferous tubules