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资源禀赋及其优势与约束历来是构建一个国家综合实力,以及制定国家战略和对外政策的重要因素和依据。二次大战后,南非的制造业和第三产业有较大发展,产业结构也发生明显变化,但这些并未能根本改变南非经济以资源开发型为主的基本特征,也未能根本改变南非在世界政治经济总体格局中继续主要扮演着农矿等初级产品供应地的“资源大国”的角色。从发展趋势看,南非要建立起在世界范围内富有市场竞争实力的制造工业、高新技术工业及服务业,尚待时日。因此,研究南非的资源特征及其政治经济效应,仍有现实意义。
Resource endowments and their advantages and constraints have always been an important factor and basis for building a country’s comprehensive strength and formulating national strategies and foreign policies. After World War II, South Africa’s manufacturing and tertiary industries developed greatly and their industrial structure also changed significantly. However, these changes did not fundamentally change the basic characteristics of South Africa’s economy in terms of resource-based development and did not fundamentally change South Africa In the overall political and economic structure of the world, it will continue to play a major role as a “resource big country” in the supply of primary products such as agricultural products. Looking from the development trend, it will take time for South Africa to establish manufacturing industries, high-tech industries and service industries rich in market competition in the world. Therefore, studying the resource characteristics of South Africa and its political and economic effects is still of practical significance.