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A novel electromagnetic tomography(EMT) system for defect detection of high-speed rail wheel is proposed, which differs from traditional electromagnetic tomography systems in its spa-tial arrangements of coils. A U-shaped sensor array was designed, and then a simulation model was built with the low frequency electromagnetic simulation software. Three different algorithms were applied to perform image reconstruction, therefore the defects can be detected from the reconstruc-ted images. Based on the simulation results, an experimental system was built and image recon-struction were performed with the measured data. The reconstructed images obtained both from numerical simulation and experimental system indicated the locations of the defects of the wheel, which verified the feasibility of the EMT system and revealed its good application prospect in the future.