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目的了解黄石市城区居民恶性肿瘤死亡特点与趋势,为确定防控策略及研究提供科学依据。方法用2000年全国人口普查资料中的全国标准人口对死亡率进行标化,按年度、性别、年龄、部位分别计算恶性肿瘤死亡率、标化死亡率和潜在减寿年数。结果 20年间黄石市城区居民恶性肿瘤标化死亡率由100.52/10万上升到117.64/10万,死因顺位中一直占据第二位,构成比居前三位的是肺癌、肝癌和胃癌。死亡率明显上升的有肺癌、肠癌,肺癌标化死亡率由1990-1999年度的26.24/10万上升至2000-2009年度的35.43/10万;肠癌由5.50/10万上升至7.85/10万。男性肿瘤中,上升较为明显的有肠癌和肺癌;女性肿瘤中,肠癌、肺癌和乳腺癌明显上升。男性粗死亡率均高于女性,随着年龄增高,粗死亡率上升。主要减寿疾病为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌和食管癌。结论 20年间恶性肿瘤死亡率呈明显上升趋势,是威胁黄石市城区居民生命健康的重要危害因素,应采取综合防控措施。
Objective To understand the characteristics and trends of malignant tumor deaths in urban residents of Huangshi City and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control strategies and research. Methods The national standard population in the 2000 national census data was used to normalize the mortality rate, and the malignant tumor mortality rate, standardized mortality rate and potential life lost years were calculated respectively according to the year, sex, age and location. Results The standardized mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban areas of Huangshi city increased from 100.52 / 100000 to 117.64 / 100000 within 20 years. The cause of death ranks the second place, constituting the top three lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer. The marked increase in mortality rates for lung cancer, colorectal cancer and lung cancer increased from 26.24 / lakh in 1990-1999 to 35.43 / lakh in 2000-2009. The incidence of colorectal cancer increased from 5.50 / lakh to 7.85 / 10 Million Men’s tumors, the more obvious increase of intestinal cancer and lung cancer; female cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer increased significantly. Crude death rates in males were higher than those in females, with the increase of the age, the crude mortality rate increased. The main life-saving diseases for lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer and esophageal cancer. Conclusions The mortality rate of malignant tumors in 20 years shows an obvious upward trend, which is an important risk factor threatening the life and health of urban residents in Huangshi City. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken.