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目的探讨纤维支气管镜检查及肺泡灌洗术对于儿童肺不张的病原诊断及其治疗价值。方法选取我院自2014年2月-2016年2月收治的肺不张儿童患者150例,回顾性分析患儿的实验室检查和辅助检查结果、气管镜检查以及肺泡灌洗术的资料,总结患儿肺不张的发病原因,比较接受纤维支气管镜治疗的感染性肺不张患儿与未接受纤维支气管镜治疗的感染性肺不张患儿在治疗效果上的差异。结果选取的150例患儿中:非感染性肺不张22例,异物吸入12例、先天性的支气管发育异常10例;感染性肺不张128例,支原体检出结果阳性85例、细菌检出结果阳性54例、病毒检出结果阳性8例、结核阳性1例、10例未检出病原体。128例感染性肺不张患儿中,接受纤维支气管镜治疗66例,治疗有效63例,有效率95.45%;未接受纤维支气管镜治疗62例,治疗有效47例75.81%,两组治疗有效率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论感染是儿童肺不张的最常见病因,支原体和细菌为主要病原体。纤维支气管镜检查及肺泡灌洗术,对于儿童肺不张的病因诊断及其治疗都具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the pathogenic diagnosis and therapeutic value of bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage for children with atelectasis. Methods A total of 150 cases of atelectasis in our hospital from February 2014 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The data of laboratory and auxiliary examination, bronchoscopy and alveolar lavage were retrospectively analyzed. The causes of atelectasis in children, compared with bronchoscopy in children with infectious atelectasis did not receive bronchoscopy in children with infectious atelectasis in the treatment of children on the difference. Results Among the 150 children selected, there were 22 cases of non-infectious atelectasis, 12 cases of foreign body aspiration, 10 cases of congenital bronchial dysplasia, 128 cases of infectious atelectasis, 85 cases of mycoplasma positive, 85 cases of bacterial test The results were positive in 54 cases, the positive results of the virus in 8 cases, tuberculosis in 1 case, 10 cases were not detected pathogens. 128 cases of infectious atelectasis in children, received bronchoscopy in 66 cases, 63 cases of effective treatment, the effective rate was 95.45%; did not receive fibrobronchoscopy in 62 cases, 47 cases of effective treatment of 75.81%, the effective rate of treatment The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Infection is the most common cause of atelectasis in children. Mycoplasma and bacteria are the main pathogens. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy and alveolar lavage for the diagnosis and treatment of etiology in children with atelectasis are of great significance.