论文部分内容阅读
通过对全局542例[其中新奥法(新的奥地利隧道施工法NATM)174例,传统法368例]矽肺流行病学调查,首次分析比较了NATM法和传统施工对隧道工人健康的危害程度。NATM法与传统法比较,检出率低1.22％(P<0.001),矽肺病人平均接尘工龄长2.84年,平均发病年龄大2.0岁,合并结核低4.47％,Ⅰ→Ⅱ期晋期率观察5年和10年分别低10.34％和28.95％,病死率低17.6％,死亡年龄大7.32岁。结果表阴,NATM法对隧道工人的健康危害明显小于传统法。但是,NATM法施工巾粉尘平均浓度仍超过国家标准6.29倍,无轨运输柴油机车废气污染十分严重,粉尘与机车废气联合作用于人体,是否会促发矽肺有待进一步研究,通风防尘防毒,预防矽肺仍然是一项十分艰巨的任务。
Through the global 542 cases (including the new Austrian law (the new Austrian tunnel construction NATM 174 cases, the traditional 368 cases of] silicosis epidemiological survey, for the first time analyzed and compared NATM method and traditional construction on the tunnel workers health hazards. The detection rate of NATM was 1.22% lower than that of the traditional method (P <0.001). The mean length of dust exposure in patients with silicosis was 2.84 years, the average age of onset was 2.0 years, and the incidence of tuberculosis was 4.47% 10.34% and 28.95% respectively at 5 years and 10 years, with a low case fatality rate of 17.6% and a large 7.32-year-old age. Negative results, NATM method of tunnel health hazards were significantly less than the traditional method. However, the average concentration of dust in construction towel by NATM method is still 6.29 times higher than that of national standard. The exhaust gas pollution of diesel locomotives is very serious. The combined effect of dust and locomotive exhaust gas on the human body will lead to further study of silicosis. Ventilation, dust and antivirus, prevention of silicosis It is still a very arduous task.