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生产爆破是为开采矿石而破坏岩体的过程。许多露天矿都面临着既要为选厂提供大量破碎的矿石,又要使露天矿四周边坡的损坏达到最小,这样两者显然是矛盾的要求。本文通过生产爆破的简单设计,导求满足这两种矛盾要求的方案。对爆破工艺来说,中心问题是系统的试验和评价方法,对爆破方法的改变应逐一地从最简单的开始。本文讨论了一些简单的改革,其中包括:钻孔布置的控制,钻孔和炸药的有效利用,包括孔内顺序爆破技术在内的适当的延迟爆破,自由面的有效利用和避免“阻塞爆破”。由于把炸药的力量控制在重要的地方,所以这样的改革一般可以使边坡状态、生产爆破的成本和性能得到显著的改善。
Production blasting is the process of destroying rock masses for ore mining. Many open-pit mines are faced with the obvious contradiction between the need to provide large quantities of crushed ore for their beneficiation plants while minimizing damage to the sideslope of the open pit mine. This article through the simple design of production blasting, guide to meet these two requirements of contradictory programs. For the blasting process, the central problem is the systematic test and evaluation method. The change of the blasting method should be started from the simplest one by one. This article discusses some simple reforms that include: control of drilling arrangements, efficient use of boreholes and explosives, proper detonation blasting, including sequential hole blasting within the hole, efficient use of free surfaces, and avoidance of “block blasting” . Due to the fact that the power of explosives is controlled in important places, such reforms generally result in significant improvements in the status of slopes, the cost and performance of production blasting.