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原苏联在资源和机械产品方面实行计划分配,导致其经济部门不适应在市场经济条件下工作。这种情况以俄罗斯经济过渡时期所出现的两个因素为特点:一方面,各种机器(汽车、拖拉机和焊接机等)的生产急剧下降,机床、压力机以及其他设备缺少订货和财政预算的支持;另一方面,则出现非国营企业,并在以前严格规定的经济部门中形成市场经济关系。 在一般经济文献中已经出现这样的议论:“…即便对机械制造业有很大的投资,制造业的大部分首先是高技术的机械制造业,已难以挽救。时间和潜力,其中包括为形成新的,现代企业家和生产技术的文化所必须的政策性潜力,似乎也都用尽了。”这种状况,如果我们能集中力量于有限的优先行业,其中包括机械制造行业之一的机床工业上,预计是能够改正的。 机床工业是个特别的行业,它决定着俄罗斯的技术独立性。俄罗斯拥有的技术设备90％是国产技术。全国生产设备的最积极部分60％是机床工业的产品。
The former Soviet Union implemented a planned distribution of resources and mechanical products, resulting in the inability of its economic sector to work under market economy conditions. This situation is characterized by two factors that have emerged during the transition period of the Russian economy: On the one hand, the production of various machines (cars, tractors, welding machines, etc.) has declined sharply, and machine tools, presses and other equipment are missing orders and budgets. On the other hand, non-state-owned enterprises have emerged and market-economic relations have been formed in previously strictly stipulated economic sectors. In the general economic literature, this argument has emerged: “... Even if there is a large investment in machinery manufacturing, most of the manufacturing industry is first of all high-tech machinery manufacturing, and it is difficult to save. Time and potential, including the formation of The policy potential necessary for the culture of new, modern entrepreneurs and production technology seems to have been exhausted.” This situation, if we can concentrate on limited priority industries, including the machine tool industry, one of the machine tools In industry, it is expected that it can be corrected. The machine tool industry is a special industry that determines the technological independence of Russia. 90% of Russia’s technological equipment is domestically produced. 60% of the most active parts of the country’s production equipment are the products of the machine tool industry.