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斯密的代表作是1776年出版的《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》(以下简称《国富论》)。书中包括了斯密的全部经济学说。通观全书,可以清楚看到,斯密研究、论证的中心问题是如何增加国民财富。《国富论》一书所研究的中心问题是国民财富的性质及增长的因素或条件。斯密克服了重商主义和重农主义的错误与片面性,指出国民财富由一国国民每年劳动生产出来的供他们消费用的物质产品所组成。这里也明确指出了财富的源泉是劳动,较为科学地规范了财富的本质。关于如何增进国民财富,在斯密看来,主要有三种方法,即三个基本条件。一是指提高劳动生产率;二是增加生产劳动者人数,提高生产劳动者对非生产劳动者的比例;三是实行自由放任的经济政策。
Smith's masterpiece is published in 1776 “the nature and causes of national wealth research” (hereinafter referred to as “Wealth of Nations”). The book includes all of Smith's economics. Throughout the book, we can clearly see that Smith's research, demonstration of the central issue is how to increase national wealth. The central issue that has been studied in the book Wealth of Nations is the nature of national wealth and the factors or conditions for its growth. Smith overcomes the errors and unilateralism of mercantilism and agrarianism and points out that the national wealth consists of the material products for their consumption produced by the annual labor of a country's nationals. Here also clearly pointed out that the source of wealth is labor, a more scientific standard of the essence of wealth. There are mainly three ways that Smith can promote the national wealth, that is, three basic conditions. One is to increase labor productivity; the other is to increase the number of workers in production and increase the proportion of productive workers to non-productive workers; and third, to implement laissez-faire economic policies.