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目的探讨护理干预对糖尿病并心血管疾病患者的影响。方法选取2013年12月—2016年1月在内江市第一人民医院内分泌科就诊的糖尿病并心血管疾病患者100例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组患者给予常规治疗及护理,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予护理干预。比较两组患者干预前后空腹血糖异常、餐后2 h血糖异常,血脂指标,自我管理效能,心血管事件发生率。结果两组患者干预前空腹血糖异常、餐后2h血糖异常、高血压发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者干预后空腹血糖异常、餐后2 h血糖异常发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者干预前血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者干预后血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者正确服药率、合理膳食率、定期复查率、自我监测率、适度锻炼率、禁烟禁酒率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者心血管事件发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论护理干预能有效促进糖尿病并心血管疾病患者病情好转,控制血糖,减少心血管事件的发生。
Objective To explore the impact of nursing intervention on patients with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Methods From December 2013 to January 2016, 100 patients with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease who were treated in Department of Endocrinology, Neijiang First People’s Hospital were divided into control group and observation group with 50 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given routine treatment and nursing. Patients in the observation group were given nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The fasting blood glucose, abnormal blood glucose, dyslipidemia, self-management efficacy and incidence of cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose and the incidence of hypertension among the two groups (P> 0.05). The incidence of abnormal fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose 2h Lower than the control group (P <0.05). There were no significant differences in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between the two groups before intervention (P> 0.05) , TG, LDL-C levels were lower than the control group (P <0.05). In the observation group, the correct medication rate, reasonable diet rate, regular review rate, self-monitoring rate, moderate exercise rate and no-smoking prohibition rate were higher in the observation group than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of cardiovascular events in observation group was lower than that in control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Nursing intervention can effectively promote the improvement of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, control blood sugar and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.