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凝血机制障碍是手术安全的主要威胁之一。术前病人凝血机制的评估非常重要。术前凝血机制障碍有先天性和获得性二大类;前者主要是A和B型血友病,后者包括维生素K缺乏、使用抗凝药物、肝功能异常、肾功能异常、血小板减少及功能障碍、低体温。无论对哪类凝血机制障碍,对于平诊手术,力求在凝血机制障碍得到纠正后再手术,以确保手术安全;对于急诊手术,需通过积极应急治疗,尽可能改善凝血机制,减少术中出血。
Blood clotting mechanism is one of the main threats to the safety of surgery. Preoperative coagulation assessment of patients is very important. Preoperative coagulation disorders are congenital and acquired two major categories; the former is mainly A and B hemophilia, which includes vitamin K deficiency, the use of anticoagulant drugs, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, thrombocytopenia and function Obstacles, hypothermia. No matter what kind of clotting mechanism obstacle, for the flat clinic surgery, and strive to correct the clotting mechanism obstacles after surgery to ensure the safety of surgery; for emergency surgery, through active emergency treatment, as much as possible to improve blood clotting mechanism to reduce intraoperative bleeding.