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目的:观察单眼角膜屈光手术后对侧眼视力及屈光状态变化。方法:前瞻性临床随机对照研究。收集济南市明水眼科医院2018年1月至12月进行单眼角膜屈光手术60例(60眼)的临床资料。随机分为两组：A组，33眼，为双眼等效球镜度－2.50 D及以上的近视性屈光参差者；B组，27眼，为双眼等效球镜度－2.50 D以下的屈光参差者，均进行单眼角膜屈光手术，手术方式为飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)及飞秒激光辅助准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)。结果:术后两组术眼裸眼视力均有升高，非术眼中共有49眼(81.67%)裸眼视力低于术前。A组非术眼视力下降幅度较B组明显。视力变化的患者中日常不戴镜或偶尔戴镜者35眼(71.43%)。两组术眼平均等效球镜度数术后均降低(n P<0.05)。而非术眼的等效球镜度数术后均升高(n P<0.05)。n 结论:单眼角膜屈光手术矫正近视性屈光参差术后，对侧眼裸眼视力有不同程度下降，屈光度升高，且术前屈光参差程度越大，视力下降及屈光度变化趋势越明显。“,”Objective:To observe the changes of visual acuity and refractive state of the contralateral eye after monocular corneal refractive surgery.Methods:This was a prospective randomized controlled-study. The clinical data of 60 eyes of 60 patients who underwent monocular corneal refractive surgery from Jan. 2018 to Dec. 2018 in Ji’nan Mingshui Eye Hospital were collected and randomly divided into two groups: group A, 33 eyes, myopic anisometropia with binocular equivalent spherical diopter of -2.50 D or above and group B, 27 eyes, anisometropia with binocular equivalent spherical diopter less than -2.50 D. All patients underwent monocular corneal refractive surgery. The surgical methods included femtosecond laser-assisted small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted insitu keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).Results:The uncorrected visual acuity was improved in both groups, and visual acuity of 49 contralateral eyes (81.67%) were lower than that before surgery. The decrease of visual acuity of unoperated eyes in group A was more obvious than that in group B. Among patients with visual acuity changes, 35 eyes (71.43%) wore glasses daily or occasionally. The mean equivalent degrees of the operated eyes were decreased in both groups (n P<0.05). However, the equivalent degrees of the unoperated eye were increased after surgery (n P<0.05).n Conclusion:After monocular corneal refractive surgery for the correction of myopic anisometropia, the uncorrected visual acuity of the contralateral eyes decreases in different degrees and the diopter is increased.The greater the degree of preoperative anisometropia, the more obvious the changing trend of diopter and visual acuity decline.