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目的了解南京市地区农村生活饮用水、厕所卫生及生活垃圾污水处理情况,为继续推进农村环境卫生建设提供依据。方法按照监测方案随机抽取高淳区和浦口区作为监测点,每个区抽取5个乡镇,每个乡镇抽取4个行政村,每个村抽取5户农户共计200户农户,进行现场问卷调查和土壤样本采集。结果 40个监测点供水方式均为集中式供水,87.50%(35/40)的监测点生活垃圾收集方式为统一收集;200户对粪便处理方式中比例最多的为进入排水系统(59.00%,118/200);40份土壤样品中蛔虫和蛔虫卵均未检出,铬、铅含量均达到土壤无机污染物的环境质量二级要求。结论南京市农村地区厕所卫生有待加强,生活污水及生活垃圾仍存在不合理排放,应进一步加强农村环境卫生建设,逐步减小环境不良因素危害。
Objective To understand the situation of drinking water, sanitation and domestic waste water treatment in rural areas in Nanjing, and provide the basis for further promoting the rural environmental sanitation. Methods According to the monitoring plan, Gaochun and Pukou areas were randomly selected as the monitoring points. Five townships were sampled from each district, and four administrative villages were selected from each township. A total of 200 households were selected from each of the 5 villages in each village to conduct on-site questionnaire survey and soil Sample collection. Results The water supply methods of all 40 monitoring sites were centralized water supply. 87.50% (35/40) of the monitoring sites collected the collected solid wastes in a centralized manner. Among the 200 households, the largest proportion of the manure were discharged into the drainage system (59.00%, 118 / 200). No roundworm and roundworm eggs were detected in 40 soil samples. Both Cr and Pb contents reached the secondary environmental quality requirements of soil inorganic pollutants. Conclusion Toilet hygiene in rural areas of Nanjing need to be strengthened. There is still unreasonable discharge of domestic sewage and household garbage. The construction of rural environmental health should be further strengthened and the harm of adverse environmental factors should be gradually reduced.