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目的探讨接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)的首诊艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)患者流行病学及临床特征。方法回顾性分析西安市传染病医院2005—2013年接受HAART首诊HIV/AIDS患者临床及实验室资料。结果 1 243例HIV/AIDS患者中,多为中青年男性,传播途径以同性传播为主。26.06%(324/1 243)的出现临床症状或体征,常见的机会性感染有发热、持续腹泻、鹅口疮、皮肤损害、耶氏肺孢子菌肺炎等。体质指数(BMI)、血红蛋白、CD4、CD8、WBC水平从I期到IV期逐渐降低,且有统计学差异(P<0.01)。CD4计数与机会性感染关系密切。结论 HIV/AIDS患者治疗中,应积极治疗各种机会性感染,密切关注CD4、CD8等实验室指标的变化情况。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of first-onset HIV-infected and AIDS (HIV / AIDS) patients undergoing active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods The clinical and laboratory data of the first HIV / AIDS patients receiving HAART from 2005 to 2013 in Xi’an Infectious Disease Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 1,243 HIV / AIDS patients, mostly young and middle-aged men, the transmission route was mainly same-sex. 26.06% (324/1 243) of the occurrence of clinical symptoms or signs, common opportunistic infections have fever, persistent diarrhea, thrush, skin damage, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and so on. Body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin, CD4, CD8 and WBC levels gradually decreased from stage I to stage IV, and there was a significant difference (P <0.01). CD4 count and opportunistic infections are closely related. Conclusion In the treatment of HIV / AIDS patients, all kinds of opportunistic infections should be actively treated. Pay close attention to the changes of laboratory indexes such as CD4 and CD8.