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目的:为了解秦皇岛市出生缺陷发生率、发生类型及导致可疑和相关因素,为政府决策、制定预防和干预措施提供准确可靠依据。方法:选取2006~2008年在全市各级医疗保健机构产科门诊系统检查、住院分娩的孕产妇进行出生缺陷监测,对孕期及分娩后进行全程监测与干预,对发现异常的及时矫治,并进行监测质控和资料统计分析。结果:全市3年围产儿出生缺陷的发生率在38.54/万,其中2006年出生缺陷儿162例,出生缺陷率为49.65/万;2007年出生缺陷儿为103例,出生缺陷率为30.25万/;2008年出生缺陷儿125例,出生缺陷率为37.28/万。同时对76956例围产儿实施三级预防干预,发现先天畸形198例,出生缺陷为25.7/万,对24237例未进行系统实施干预,发现先天畸形192例,出生缺陷为79.2/万。结论:加强优生知识宣传,做好优生咨询,加强育龄妇女健康教育和孕前孕期干预力度,加强婚前保健和早孕期保健及孕期营养指导,提高孕早期出生缺陷的检测技术,有针对性地进行产前诊断,提高宫内诊断技术,是减少出生缺陷、提高出生人口素质的有效措施和关键所在。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the incidence of birth defects, the types of occurrence and the factors that cause suspicious and related birth defects in Qinhuangdao and provide an accurate and reliable basis for government decision-making and prevention and intervention measures. Methods: From 2006 to 2008 in the city’s health care institutions at all levels of obstetrics and gynecology outpatient checkup system, the birth of pregnant women to monitor birth defects, during pregnancy and childbirth after the whole monitoring and intervention, to detect abnormal timely correction and monitoring Quality control and data statistical analysis. Results: The incidence of birth defects in perinatal children in 3 years was 38.54 / 10000, of which 162 were born with defects in 2006, the birth defect rate was 49.65 / million; 103 birth defects in 2007, birth defect rate of 302,500 / 125 birth defects in 2008, the birth defect rate was 37.28 / million. At the same time, 76 956 perinatal infants were subjected to tertiary prevention intervention. 198 cases of congenital malformations and 25.7% birth defects were found. Of 24237 cases, there were 192 cases of congenital malformations and 792 thousand birth defects. Conclusion: To strengthen the promotion of eugenics knowledge, make good medical advice, strengthen the health education of women of childbearing age and pre-pregnancy intervention, strengthen premarital health care and early pregnancy health care and nutrition guidance during pregnancy to improve the detection of birth defects in early pregnancy, targeted production Pre-diagnosis, improve the intrauterine diagnostic techniques, is to reduce birth defects and improve the quality of the birth of the population is an effective measure and the key.