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目的调查流感样病例(ILI)和无锡市一般人群中甲型H1N1流感疫苗及季节性流感疫苗的接种情况,评估疫苗接种后对人群的保护效果。方法以无锡市2家哨点医院为基础,采集流感样病例病毒核酸检测阳性的病例作为病例组,共1 529人,同时按照“病例”的电话信息,随机产生电话号码选择、年龄匹配的一般人群作为对照组,共380人。结果病例组甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种率为6.1%(94/1 529),对照组甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种率为12.1%(46/380),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);甲型H1N1流感病例中接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗的比例为12.5%(3/24),门诊检测阴性的ILI病例接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗的比例为6.1%(78/1 273),“接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗”因素的OR值为0.457(P=0.201);以电话调查一般人群(330例)作为对照组,接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗的比例为13.3%(44/330),OR值为1.077(P=0.908)。结论该次调查说明接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗对预防流感样病例有一定效果,但由于样本量较少,24种方法病例对照分析均未得出差异有统计学意义。
Objective To investigate the inoculation of Influenza A (H1N1) and seasonal influenza vaccines in influenza-like illness cases (ILI) and the general population in Wuxi, and to evaluate the protective effect of the vaccines on the population. Methods Based on two sentinel hospitals in Wuxi City, we collected a total of 1 529 cases of positive cases of influenza virus-like nucleic acid as the case group, and randomly generated the phone number according to the phone information of “case” and matched the age Of the general population as a control group, a total of 380 people. Results The vaccination rate of influenza A (H1N1) was 6.1% (94/1 529) in case group and 12.1% (46/380) in control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The proportion of influenza A (H1N1) vaccines was 12.5% (3/24) in H1N1 influenza cases and 6.1% (78/1 273) in outpatients with negative ILI vaccine. The OR of Influenza A (H1N1) vaccination was 0.457 (P = 0.201). The telephone survey of the general population (330 cases) was used as the control group, and the proportion of Influenza A (H1N1) vaccines was 13.3% (44/330 ), OR was 1.077 (P = 0.908). Conclusion The survey shows that vaccination against influenza A (H1N1) has some effects on the prevention of influenza-like illness. However, there are no significant differences between the 24 methods in case-control analysis because of the small sample size.