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为了研究单株植物通过影响微环境对土壤动物群落产生的影响,本文比较了绿化灌木海桐(Pittosporum tobira)树冠内外土壤动物群落及多样性的差异性。结果表明:海桐树冠下的大型土壤动物类群较多,群落密度较大;中小型土壤动物群落密度在树冠内外差异不明显,但树冠下中小型土壤动物稀有类群更多,群落结构更复杂。线虫密度在树冠外较大,蜱螨类密度在树冠内较大,其他类群差异不显著。结合环境因子分析,海桐树冠外土壤湿度较高有利于湿生类群生存,但受人为干扰较强,因而稀有类群较少;树冠下土壤湿度较小,旱生类群密度较大,受人为干扰较弱,因而稀有类群更丰富。研究表明,海桐树冠通过影响土壤环境对土壤动物群落组成和分布影响显著。
In order to study the influence of single plant on soil animal community by affecting the microenvironment, the paper compared the differences of soil animal community and diversity in the canopy of Pittosporum tobira. The results showed that there were more large soil fauna groups and larger community density under the canopy of Pittosporum. The density of soil microflora was not significantly different between crown and canopy, but there were more rare species and more complicated community structure of soil microflora. The density of nematodes was larger outside the canopy, and the density of acarid mites was larger in the canopy. The other groups showed no significant difference. In combination with environmental factor analysis, the higher soil moisture of Pitaya Crown is beneficial to the survival of wetland population, but it is more disturbed by anthropogenic and thus less rare species. The soil moisture under canopy is smaller and the density of xerophytic population is higher, Weaker, so rare species more abundant. Studies have shown that the canopy canopy influence soil composition and distribution of soil fauna significantly.