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目的:了解某学校结核病聚集性疫情调查与处置情况,为学校结核病防控工作提供参考依据。方法:采用描述流行病学方法分析该次聚集性疫情的流行特征、发生原因和处置措施等。密切接触者通过X线胸片和结核菌素(PPD)试验进行筛查。结果:2015年6月-2016年2月该校共发现学生肺结核病例10例,主要集中在八(6)班。首发病例确诊前症状明显,病情拖延一月余才确诊,存在显著传染期,其余9例均由密切接触者筛查发现,均无明显症状。本次疫情密切接触者PPD试验筛查两次,首次筛查PPD强阳性率20.45%,二次筛查PPD强阳性率36.17%,八(6)班PPD强阳性率最高,为70.59%。结论:该起学校结核病聚集性疫情发生的主要原因是首发病例就诊延迟,而续发病例出现的主要原因是首次筛查时PPD强阳性率者拒绝预防性服药。
Objective: To understand the investigation and disposal of tuberculosis epidemic in a school and provide a reference for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the epidemic, the causes and treatment measures. Close contacts are screened by X-ray and tuberculin (PPD) tests. Results: From June 2015 to February 2016, a total of 10 cases of TB cases were found in the school, mainly in eight (6) classes. The first case was diagnosed before the symptoms were obvious, the disease was delayed for more than a month before the diagnosis, there is a significant infection period, the remaining 9 cases were found by close contact screening, no obvious symptoms. The close contact PPD test screened twice, the first screening PPD strong positive rate of 20.45%, the second screening PPD strong positive rate of 36.17%, eight (6) class PPD strong positive rate was the highest, 70.59%. CONCLUSION: The primary reason for the onset of tuberculosis epidemic in schools is the delay in the first visit, and the primary reason for the recurrence is the rejection of prophylaxis by PPD in the first screening.