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目的了解深圳市宝安区小学生的睡眠健康状况和不良行为习惯,探讨两者之间的关系,为今后的干预措施实施提供依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,在深圳市宝安区107所小学中选择20所学校,每个年级抽取一个班级,共100个班级,将纳入班级的所有学生的母亲作为调查对象。采用《儿童睡眠健康量表》和《conners父母评价量表-修订版》分别对儿童的睡眠障碍及不良行为习惯进行评价。结果共调查4 088人,合格问卷3 814份,问卷有效率为93.29%。其中男生2 084人(54.64%),女生1 730人(45.36%);平均年龄为(8.21±1.37)岁。3 814名学生中,睡眠健康平均得分(73.18±15.03)分,不良行为习惯平均得分为(87.39±28.16)分。小学生的睡眠健康得分与不良行为习惯得分之间呈负相关(r_p=0.41,P<0.01)。小学生睡眠健康的生理、心理和认知分别与不良行为习惯的11个维度、8个维度和6个维度有显著性的负相关(P<0.01);就寝规律和睡眠稳定性分别与不良行为习惯的4个维度和2个维度呈显著性负相关(P<0.01)。结论深圳宝安区小学生的睡眠健康与不良行为习惯之间呈负相关,睡眠质量越差,其发生不良行为习惯的可能性越高。建议家长、老师和社会协作培养学生的良好的睡眠习惯,提高睡眠质量,避免不良行为习惯,促进儿童身心健康成长。
Objective To understand the sleep health status and bad habits of primary school students in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City and to explore the relationship between the two and to provide the basis for the future implementation of intervention measures. Methods A multistage sampling method was used to select 20 schools in 107 primary schools in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City. One class was selected for each grade, with a total of 100 classes. The mothers of all the students enrolled in the class were surveyed. Children’s Sleep Disorders and Bad Behavior Habits were assessed using the Children’s Sleep Health Scale and the Conners Parents Rating Scale-Revised. Results A total of 4 088 people were surveyed, 3 814 were eligible and the questionnaire was 93.29% efficient. Among them, 2,084 (54.64%) were boys and 1,730 (45.36%) were girls, with an average age of (8.21 ± 1.37) years. Among 3 814 students, the average score of sleep health was 73.18 ± 15.03 and the average score of bad behavior was 87.39 ± 28.16. There was a negative correlation between pupils’ sleep health scores and bad behavior habits scores (r_p = 0.41, P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the health, psychology and cognition of sleep health of primary school students and 11, 8 and 6 dimensions of bad habits respectively (P <0.01). The relationship between sleeping rules and sleeping stability and bad habits The four dimensions and the two dimensions showed a significant negative correlation (P <0.01). Conclusion There is a negative correlation between sleep health and bad behavior habits of primary school children in Bao’an District, Shenzhen. The worse the quality of sleep, the higher the possibility of having bad behavior habit. It is suggested that parents, teachers and society cooperate to cultivate good sleep habits of students, improve the quality of sleep, avoid bad habits and promote the physical and mental health of children.