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目的评价在北京和甘肃小学生中实施病毒性肝炎健康促进项目的效果。方法随机抽取6所学校,通过现场考察学校病毒性肝炎健康促进项目实施情况,对小学生和教师开展问卷调查,对学生家长进行电话调查,了解他们对病毒性肝炎知识的知晓情况。结果项目实施后,小学生甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)传播途径知识知晓率,从46.95%上升到98.92%;乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)传播途径知识知晓率,由32.26%提高到96.42%;甲肝预防知识知晓率从67.03%提高到98.21%;乙肝预防知识知晓率从67.38%提高到99.64%。项目实施前甲肝和乙肝疫苗的接种率为29.75%,项目实施后接种率上升到77.06%。项目实施后儿童家长病毒性肝炎传播途径知识知晓率>85%,预防知识知晓率>99%。结论在小学生中实施病毒性肝炎健康促进项目效果显著,通过适当的健康促进活动,不仅能提高小学生对病毒性肝炎的知识,还可提高学生家长对病毒性肝炎的知识。
Objective To evaluate the effect of implementing the viral hepatitis health promotion project in Beijing and Gansu primary school students. Methods Six schools were randomly selected to investigate the implementation status of Viral Hepatitis Health Promotion Project on the spot. Questionnaires were made for pupils and teachers, and telephone surveys were conducted on parents to find out about their knowledge of viral hepatitis. Results After the project was implemented, the awareness rate of primary hepatitis A (A) transmission increased from 46.95% to 98.92%. The awareness of hepatitis B (HBV) transmission increased from 32.26% to 96.42%. The awareness rate of prevention knowledge of hepatitis A increased from 67.03% to 98.21%; the awareness rate of prevention knowledge of hepatitis B increased from 67.38% to 99.64%. Before the implementation of the project, the inoculation rate of hepatitis A and B vaccine was 29.75%, and the vaccination rate increased to 77.06% after the project was implemented. After the implementation of the project, the awareness rate of viral hepatitis transmission among children and parents was> 85% and that of prevention knowledge was> 99%. Conclusions The implementation of Viral Hepatitis Health Promotion Project among primary school students is effective. With appropriate health promotion activities, not only primary school students ’knowledge of viral hepatitis but also their parents’ knowledge of viral hepatitis can be improved.