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第一单元
1. Geldof intended the concert to raise money for and public awareness of the famine. (L.7, P.2)
格尔多夫想通过音乐会为饥荒筹钱并提高公众对饥荒的意识。
【点拨】 intend vt. 意为“想要;打算”,可以说intend sb. to do sth., intend to do sth., intend doing sth.或intend that从句。如:
He intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让他儿子经营该公司。
I intend to study abroad. 我打算出国留学。
I intend studying abroad. 我打算出国留学。
They intended that the plan should be put into practice within the year.
= They intended the plan to be put into practice within the year. 他们打算在本年度内实行该计划。
动词intend还常用于过去完成时的句中,常表示 (过去的) 本打算实现而未实现的一种愿望或打算。如:
We had intended to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to. 我们本打算乘9:30的火车,但没能赶上。
短语be intended for... 意为:“为……而准备”。如:
This book is intended for children. 这本书是给小孩用的。
2. On top of this, according to the United Nations, hunger and malnutrition claim ten million lives every year. 此外,根据联合国统计,饥饿和营养不良每年夺走一千万人的生命。
【点拨】 on top of...后常接this/ that,意为“除……之外还有;另外;此外” 主要用于表述另一个不好的情况或事实。
We missed the first bus, and on top of that, we had to wait for another two hours for the next one. 我们错过了头班车,此外我们还必须再等两个小时才能等到下一辆车。
He lost his job and on top of that he got ill. 他失业了,此外,他又生病了。
【真题回放】_________everything else, my cars been stolen.
A. As well as B. In addition
C. In response to D. On top of
【答案与解析】 D。句意为“我所有的东西都被盗了,连汽车也给偷走了。”in addition也指“此外”,但需要加介词to。
3. It is without doubt an amazing achievement, but is it enough?毋庸置疑,这是惊人的成就,但是这就足够了吗?
【点拨】 doubt n. 怀疑,疑惑;no doubt 无疑, 很可能;without doubt相当于beyond doubt毫无疑问地。
She is without doubt a great musician. 她无疑是一位伟大的音乐家。
He is without doubt the cleverest student Ive ever taught. 他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。
【拓展】
1) doubt v. 怀疑
I dont doubt the truth of the news on seeing that. 看到那件事,我并没有怀疑那条新闻的真实性。
2) 与doubt相关的句型:
I dont doubt that... 我不怀疑……
I doubt whether / if... 我怀疑是否……
I have no doubt that... 我不怀疑……
I have some doubt whether... 我怀疑是否……
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
I have no doubt that I have made a good decision. 我毫不怀疑我做了一个好的决定。
【真题回放】
There was no_________in her mind that Rick was innocent of Coughlins murder.
A. wonder B. need
C. point D. doubt
【答案与解析】 D。There is no wonder that... 意为“难怪……”。There is no doubt that... 意为“毫无疑问……”;There is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事;There is no point in doing sth.意为“做某事没有意义”。
4. Clearly, development aid together with food aid is the longterm solution to the problem of poverty. 很显然,发展援助和食品援助结合起来才是贫困问题的长期解决办法。 【点拨】
together with和,加之。
He sent her some flowers together with a card.他送她一些花,还有一张贺卡。
【知识拓展】 当主语后面跟有由rather than, more than等引导的从属结构,或跟有由as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时,其后的谓语动词形式取决于主语的形式。
John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰,而不是他的室友们,应该受到惩罚。
Billy, together with his sisters, was injured in the accident. 比利和他的姐妹一道在事故中受伤了。
No one except two girls was late for school. 除了两个女生没有人上学迟到。
【真题回放】 The teacher together with the students_________discussing Reading Skills that_________newly published in America.
A. are; were B. is; were
C. are; was D. is; was
【答案与解析】 D。考查主谓一致。A together with B作主语时,谓语动词与A的单复数形式保持一致;第二空前的that引导定语从句,修饰Reading Skills,由于Reading Skills是书名,所以谓语动词用单数。
5. There are hundreds of success stories like these from all over the developing world, showing that a lot is being done to fight poverty, but we cannot pretend that the fight is over.在各处的发展中国家有数以百计的这样成功的故事,表明人们正在做许多事情与贫困作斗争,但我们不能这样佯称斗争已经结束。
【点拨】 pretend v. 假装,其后可接从句,也常接不定式的三种形式。
pretend to do/ be 假装做 / 是……
pretend to be doing 假装正在做……
pretend to have done 假装已经做了……
He pretended that he was ill so that he could stay at home. 他假装病了以便能待在家里。
Im sorry, but I cant just pretend it hasnt happened. 我很抱歉,但我不能当这件事没有发生过。
He pretended to be reading an important paper when the boss entered. 老板进来时他假装在看一份重要的文件。
【真题回放】 She pretended_________when the mother came in.
A. to read B. reading
C. to be reading D. to have read
【答案与解析】 C。“当母亲进来时”为一个时间点,在此时此刻,“她假装正在读书”,两个动作同时发生,因此使用不定式的进行式。
第二单元
1. This group accounted for nearly 18 percent of the states population. 这群人大约占到该州人口的18%。
【点拨】 account v. 解释;(数量上,比例)占
He could not account for his absence from school. 他无法说清楚为什么旷课。
The Chinese market accounts for 35% of the companys revenue. 中国市场占这家公司收入的35%。
【拓展】 n. 帐,账户;描述,报告;解释,说明。
The accounts show we have spent more than we received. 账目显示我们已经入不敷出了。
The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident. 警察叙述了交通事故的经过。
John gave us a detailed account of his plan. 关于他的计划,约翰给我们做了详尽的说明。
相关短语:
open an account 开账户;on account of 由于;on no account 决不
take sth. into account = take account of 考虑
【真题回放】 Kelly gave me a vivid_________of her trip to Mount Tai after her return.
A. explanation B. account
C. imagination D. idea
【答案与解析】 B。explanation 解释,说明;imagination想象,空想;idea想法,主意。give a vivid account of做生动的描述。句意为“凯莉回来后向我生动地描述了她的泰山之旅。 2. Cities have theaters, museums and big sporting events, but small towns have none of these.城市里有戏院,博物馆和大型的运动赛事,但小城镇却什么也没有。
【点拨】 none pron. 没有一个,毫无
I wanted some more cold meat but there was none left. 我想再要些冷盘肉,可是一点也不剩了。
He had none of his brothers boldness. 他一点都不像他哥那样有魄力。
None of the telephones are/ is working. 所有的电话都坏了。
【辨析】 none,no one/ nobody, nothing
none 可指人也可指物,作主语时,如和of连用且指代不可数名词时,谓语动词要用单数形式;指可数名词时,谓语动词单复数均可。
no one / nobody 用来指人,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。
nothing 常用来指物,作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式
【注意】
1) none可与of连用,表示范围,而no one / nobody以及nothing则不可以。
2) none可以用来回答How many / much...? 的特殊疑问句,而no one / nobody及nothing则分别用来回答Who...? 和What...? 的特殊疑问句。
3) none可用来回答含“any+名词”的一般疑问句。
—How many birds are there in the tree? ——树上有多少只鸟?
—None. ——一只也没有。
—What is in the box? ——盒子里面是什么?
—Nothing. ——什么也没有。
—Who is in the classroom? ——谁在班级里?
—No one. / Nobody. ——没有人
—Is there any bread left? ——有剩余的面包吗?
—No, not at all. ——不,一点也没有。
【真题回放】 Of all the books on the desk,_________is of any use for our safety.
A. nothing B. no one
C. neither D. none
【答案与解析】 D。考查代词的用法。此处none意为“没有一本书”,nothing什么都没有,no one没有一个人;neither两者都不睡。
3. She realized that there are reasons for moving within a country other than those mentioned in the magazine article. 她认为除了杂志文章中提到的一些原因外,还有其他的一些搬迁原因。
【点拨】 other than 除了,除……以外,还
I dont know my French people other than you. 除了你,我不认识别的法国人。
We are going away in June but other than that well be here all summer. 我们打算六月份外出,除此之外,我们整个夏天都在这里。
I dont have time to read anything other than the newspaper. 除了报纸,我没时间读别的。
【拓展】
1) none other than不是别人,而是……
She is none other than my teacher. 她正是我的老师。
2) rather than而不是
Tom chose to quit rather than admit that hed made a mistake. 汤姆没有承认自己犯了错误而是选择了退出。
3) more than 不只是
He is more than my teacher. 他不只是我的老师。
【真题回放】 The form cannot be signed by anyone_________yourself.
A. rather than B. other than
C. more than D. better than
【答案与解析】 B。句意为“这张表格只能由你本人签字”。rather than而不是;other than除了,相当于but和except; more than不仅仅,不只是;better than比……好。
4. Not all paragraphs have a topic sentence. 并不是所有的段落都有中心句。
【点拨】 英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表达方法:
1) all的否定式:not all...(或all...not),表示“并非……都……;不是所有的……都……
Not all men can be masters.= All men cannot be masters. 并非人人都能当头头。
2) both的否定式:not...both(或both...not),表示“并非两个……都……”。
I dont want both of the books. 我不是两本书都要。
Both of the windows are not open. 两扇窗子并非都是开着的。
3) every的否定式:not every(或every... not),表示“不是每……都……”。
Not every book is educative.
= Every book is not educative. 不是每本书都有教育意义。
4) always的否定意义为“并非总是/一直……”
He is not always so sad. 他并非一直这样悲伤。
5) entirely, altogether, completely和quite的否定式意为“不完全……;并非完全……”
I dont agree completely. 我并不完全同意。
【拓展】 everyone,everywhere等有类似用法。
Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。
This flower is not seen everywhere. 这种花并不是随处可见的。
(作者:刘小兵,海安县实验中学)
1. Geldof intended the concert to raise money for and public awareness of the famine. (L.7, P.2)
格尔多夫想通过音乐会为饥荒筹钱并提高公众对饥荒的意识。
【点拨】 intend vt. 意为“想要;打算”,可以说intend sb. to do sth., intend to do sth., intend doing sth.或intend that从句。如:
He intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让他儿子经营该公司。
I intend to study abroad. 我打算出国留学。
I intend studying abroad. 我打算出国留学。
They intended that the plan should be put into practice within the year.
= They intended the plan to be put into practice within the year. 他们打算在本年度内实行该计划。
动词intend还常用于过去完成时的句中,常表示 (过去的) 本打算实现而未实现的一种愿望或打算。如:
We had intended to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to. 我们本打算乘9:30的火车,但没能赶上。
短语be intended for... 意为:“为……而准备”。如:
This book is intended for children. 这本书是给小孩用的。
2. On top of this, according to the United Nations, hunger and malnutrition claim ten million lives every year. 此外,根据联合国统计,饥饿和营养不良每年夺走一千万人的生命。
【点拨】 on top of...后常接this/ that,意为“除……之外还有;另外;此外” 主要用于表述另一个不好的情况或事实。
We missed the first bus, and on top of that, we had to wait for another two hours for the next one. 我们错过了头班车,此外我们还必须再等两个小时才能等到下一辆车。
He lost his job and on top of that he got ill. 他失业了,此外,他又生病了。
【真题回放】_________everything else, my cars been stolen.
A. As well as B. In addition
C. In response to D. On top of
【答案与解析】 D。句意为“我所有的东西都被盗了,连汽车也给偷走了。”in addition也指“此外”,但需要加介词to。
3. It is without doubt an amazing achievement, but is it enough?毋庸置疑,这是惊人的成就,但是这就足够了吗?
【点拨】 doubt n. 怀疑,疑惑;no doubt 无疑, 很可能;without doubt相当于beyond doubt毫无疑问地。
She is without doubt a great musician. 她无疑是一位伟大的音乐家。
He is without doubt the cleverest student Ive ever taught. 他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。
【拓展】
1) doubt v. 怀疑
I dont doubt the truth of the news on seeing that. 看到那件事,我并没有怀疑那条新闻的真实性。
2) 与doubt相关的句型:
I dont doubt that... 我不怀疑……
I doubt whether / if... 我怀疑是否……
I have no doubt that... 我不怀疑……
I have some doubt whether... 我怀疑是否……
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
I have no doubt that I have made a good decision. 我毫不怀疑我做了一个好的决定。
【真题回放】
There was no_________in her mind that Rick was innocent of Coughlins murder.
A. wonder B. need
C. point D. doubt
【答案与解析】 D。There is no wonder that... 意为“难怪……”。There is no doubt that... 意为“毫无疑问……”;There is no need to do sth.没有必要做某事;There is no point in doing sth.意为“做某事没有意义”。
4. Clearly, development aid together with food aid is the longterm solution to the problem of poverty. 很显然,发展援助和食品援助结合起来才是贫困问题的长期解决办法。 【点拨】
together with和,加之。
He sent her some flowers together with a card.他送她一些花,还有一张贺卡。
【知识拓展】 当主语后面跟有由rather than, more than等引导的从属结构,或跟有由as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时,其后的谓语动词形式取决于主语的形式。
John, rather than his roommates, is to blame. 约翰,而不是他的室友们,应该受到惩罚。
Billy, together with his sisters, was injured in the accident. 比利和他的姐妹一道在事故中受伤了。
No one except two girls was late for school. 除了两个女生没有人上学迟到。
【真题回放】 The teacher together with the students_________discussing Reading Skills that_________newly published in America.
A. are; were B. is; were
C. are; was D. is; was
【答案与解析】 D。考查主谓一致。A together with B作主语时,谓语动词与A的单复数形式保持一致;第二空前的that引导定语从句,修饰Reading Skills,由于Reading Skills是书名,所以谓语动词用单数。
5. There are hundreds of success stories like these from all over the developing world, showing that a lot is being done to fight poverty, but we cannot pretend that the fight is over.在各处的发展中国家有数以百计的这样成功的故事,表明人们正在做许多事情与贫困作斗争,但我们不能这样佯称斗争已经结束。
【点拨】 pretend v. 假装,其后可接从句,也常接不定式的三种形式。
pretend to do/ be 假装做 / 是……
pretend to be doing 假装正在做……
pretend to have done 假装已经做了……
He pretended that he was ill so that he could stay at home. 他假装病了以便能待在家里。
Im sorry, but I cant just pretend it hasnt happened. 我很抱歉,但我不能当这件事没有发生过。
He pretended to be reading an important paper when the boss entered. 老板进来时他假装在看一份重要的文件。
【真题回放】 She pretended_________when the mother came in.
A. to read B. reading
C. to be reading D. to have read
【答案与解析】 C。“当母亲进来时”为一个时间点,在此时此刻,“她假装正在读书”,两个动作同时发生,因此使用不定式的进行式。
第二单元
1. This group accounted for nearly 18 percent of the states population. 这群人大约占到该州人口的18%。
【点拨】 account v. 解释;(数量上,比例)占
He could not account for his absence from school. 他无法说清楚为什么旷课。
The Chinese market accounts for 35% of the companys revenue. 中国市场占这家公司收入的35%。
【拓展】 n. 帐,账户;描述,报告;解释,说明。
The accounts show we have spent more than we received. 账目显示我们已经入不敷出了。
The policeman gave an account of the traffic accident. 警察叙述了交通事故的经过。
John gave us a detailed account of his plan. 关于他的计划,约翰给我们做了详尽的说明。
相关短语:
open an account 开账户;on account of 由于;on no account 决不
take sth. into account = take account of 考虑
【真题回放】 Kelly gave me a vivid_________of her trip to Mount Tai after her return.
A. explanation B. account
C. imagination D. idea
【答案与解析】 B。explanation 解释,说明;imagination想象,空想;idea想法,主意。give a vivid account of做生动的描述。句意为“凯莉回来后向我生动地描述了她的泰山之旅。 2. Cities have theaters, museums and big sporting events, but small towns have none of these.城市里有戏院,博物馆和大型的运动赛事,但小城镇却什么也没有。
【点拨】 none pron. 没有一个,毫无
I wanted some more cold meat but there was none left. 我想再要些冷盘肉,可是一点也不剩了。
He had none of his brothers boldness. 他一点都不像他哥那样有魄力。
None of the telephones are/ is working. 所有的电话都坏了。
【辨析】 none,no one/ nobody, nothing
none 可指人也可指物,作主语时,如和of连用且指代不可数名词时,谓语动词要用单数形式;指可数名词时,谓语动词单复数均可。
no one / nobody 用来指人,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。
nothing 常用来指物,作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式
【注意】
1) none可与of连用,表示范围,而no one / nobody以及nothing则不可以。
2) none可以用来回答How many / much...? 的特殊疑问句,而no one / nobody及nothing则分别用来回答Who...? 和What...? 的特殊疑问句。
3) none可用来回答含“any+名词”的一般疑问句。
—How many birds are there in the tree? ——树上有多少只鸟?
—None. ——一只也没有。
—What is in the box? ——盒子里面是什么?
—Nothing. ——什么也没有。
—Who is in the classroom? ——谁在班级里?
—No one. / Nobody. ——没有人
—Is there any bread left? ——有剩余的面包吗?
—No, not at all. ——不,一点也没有。
【真题回放】 Of all the books on the desk,_________is of any use for our safety.
A. nothing B. no one
C. neither D. none
【答案与解析】 D。考查代词的用法。此处none意为“没有一本书”,nothing什么都没有,no one没有一个人;neither两者都不睡。
3. She realized that there are reasons for moving within a country other than those mentioned in the magazine article. 她认为除了杂志文章中提到的一些原因外,还有其他的一些搬迁原因。
【点拨】 other than 除了,除……以外,还
I dont know my French people other than you. 除了你,我不认识别的法国人。
We are going away in June but other than that well be here all summer. 我们打算六月份外出,除此之外,我们整个夏天都在这里。
I dont have time to read anything other than the newspaper. 除了报纸,我没时间读别的。
【拓展】
1) none other than不是别人,而是……
She is none other than my teacher. 她正是我的老师。
2) rather than而不是
Tom chose to quit rather than admit that hed made a mistake. 汤姆没有承认自己犯了错误而是选择了退出。
3) more than 不只是
He is more than my teacher. 他不只是我的老师。
【真题回放】 The form cannot be signed by anyone_________yourself.
A. rather than B. other than
C. more than D. better than
【答案与解析】 B。句意为“这张表格只能由你本人签字”。rather than而不是;other than除了,相当于but和except; more than不仅仅,不只是;better than比……好。
4. Not all paragraphs have a topic sentence. 并不是所有的段落都有中心句。
【点拨】 英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表达方法:
1) all的否定式:not all...(或all...not),表示“并非……都……;不是所有的……都……
Not all men can be masters.= All men cannot be masters. 并非人人都能当头头。
2) both的否定式:not...both(或both...not),表示“并非两个……都……”。
I dont want both of the books. 我不是两本书都要。
Both of the windows are not open. 两扇窗子并非都是开着的。
3) every的否定式:not every(或every... not),表示“不是每……都……”。
Not every book is educative.
= Every book is not educative. 不是每本书都有教育意义。
4) always的否定意义为“并非总是/一直……”
He is not always so sad. 他并非一直这样悲伤。
5) entirely, altogether, completely和quite的否定式意为“不完全……;并非完全……”
I dont agree completely. 我并不完全同意。
【拓展】 everyone,everywhere等有类似用法。
Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。
This flower is not seen everywhere. 这种花并不是随处可见的。
(作者:刘小兵,海安县实验中学)