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所谓基因疗法,就是采用分子遗传技术,以相应的正常基因去代替有缺陷的基因,或选择地使有害基因失活。基因疗法有如下几种: 1、显微注射法:用显微注射,将脱氧核糖核酸(DAN)注入到靶细胞的核内,所注入的DAN只要达到被注射细胞的10%,即可形成稳定的新基因型。 2、同源重组:是通过基因交换,直接用新的基因片断,来代替有缺陷的基因片断。 3、反转录病毒载体:是目前最盛行的,利用反转录病毒作载体(媒介),进行基因转移。 4、磷酸钙沉淀法:广泛用于体外生物系统基因转移。基因治疗的首选对象是单基因遗传病,其中最主要的是因酶缺陷引起的遗传病。因为这些基因已经被分离出来,并且这些酶在正常人体的组
The so-called gene therapy, is the use of molecular genetic techniques, the corresponding normal gene to replace the defective gene, or selectively detrimental gene inactivation. Gene therapy are the following: 1, microinjection: microinjection, DNA (DAN) into the nucleus of the target cells, as long as the injected DNA reaches 10% of the injected cells can be formed Stable new genotypes. 2, homologous recombination: through gene exchange, direct use of new gene fragments, instead of defective gene fragments. 3, retroviral vector: is the most prevalent, the use of retroviral vector (vector), gene transfer. 4, calcium phosphate precipitation method: widely used in vitro biological system gene transfer. The preferred target of gene therapy is single-gene genetic disease, the most important of which are genetic diseases caused by enzyme defects. Because these genes have been isolated and these enzymes are in the normal human body