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目的了解无锡市自来水中三卤甲烷污染情况,评估其对成人的致癌风险。方法于2008-2013年对无锡市水源水、出厂水和末梢水中三卤甲烷进行检测,并采用美国环保局推荐的低剂量致癌风险评价方法对其进行评价。结果出厂水、末梢水中的三卤甲烷浓度均显著高于水源水(P<0.05),末梢水三溴甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷的浓度均显著高于出厂水(P<0.05)。四个水厂间三卤甲烷浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。水源水、出厂水和末梢水中三卤甲烷对成人的致癌风险分别为1.46×10-6、3.67×10-5、5.61×10-5,其中一氯二溴甲烷和二氯一溴甲烷的致癌风险较高。结论无锡市自来水中三卤甲烷浓度均低于GB5749-2006标准限值,但是对成人具有潜在的致癌风险。
Objective To understand the trihalomethanes contamination in tap water in Wuxi and assess its carcinogenic risk to adults. Methods From 2008 to 2013, trihalomethanes in tap water, ex-factory water and peripheral water of Wuxi City were detected and evaluated using the low-dose carcinogenic risk assessment recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Results The concentrations of trihalomethanes in the exiting water and the peripheral water were significantly higher than those in the source water (P <0.05). The concentrations of tribromomethane and chlorodibromomethane in the peripheral water were significantly higher than those of the ex-factory water (P <0.05). There was a significant difference in THM concentration between the four water plants (P <0.05). The carcinogenic risks of trihalomethanes in water, ex-factory water and peripheral water to adults are 1.46 × 10-6, 3.67 × 10-5 and 5.61 × 10-5, respectively. The carcinogenic risks of trihalomethanes and dichlorobromomethane are 1.46 × 10-6, 3.67 × 10-5 and 5.61 × 10-5 respectively, high. Conclusion The concentrations of trihalomethanes in tap water in Wuxi City are lower than the standard limit of GB5749-2006, but they are potentially carcinogenic to adults.