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为鉴定筛选兼抗麦长管蚜和大麦黄矮病毒(Barley yellow dwarf virus,BYDV)的小麦种质,采用自然感蚜/感病系数法,对36个外引和远缘杂交选育的小麦种质材料进行了2年的田间鉴定,并分析了感虫性与感病性的相关关系。结果表明,2年中均兼抗麦长管蚜和BYDV的种质仅有KOKIPPCAS、KOK、Amigo-3和PI137739共4个材料,占总鉴定材料的11.11%;对二者均敏感的有98-10-35q-9、186Tm39、Tam200e12-14a、Tam200(27)7、小偃22、西农1376和小偃6号共7个材料,占19.44%。其它材料仅抗虫或仅抗病,或仅在一年中表现抗病或抗虫,如材料98-10-30和98-10-35a8抗麦长管蚜,但对BYDV敏感;材料Tam200(13)G和PIG23(2)C感蚜,但对BYDV有抑制作用。BYDV发生普遍率(发病株率)和严重度(病情指数)与有蚜株率显著相关,严重度还与感蚜指数显著相关,但感病植株的病级均值与有蚜株率无显著相关性。表明自然界长期的进化和选择使许多抗病虫基因得以保存下来,但较多抗性基因只在抗病或抗虫的某一方面表现有效,需给予更多关注。
In order to identify and screen wheat germplasms of Aphis gossypii and Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), we selected 36 wheat cultivars Germplasm materials were field tested for 2 years, and analyzed the relationship between susceptibility and susceptibility. The results showed that there were only 4 materials of KOKIPPCAS, KOK, Amigo-3 and PI137739, which accounted for 11.11% of the total identified materials in both 2-year-old Aphis gossypii and BYDV. 98% 10-35q-9,186Tm39, Tam200e12-14a, Tam200 (27) 7, Xiaoyan 22, Xinong 1376 and Xiaoyan 6, accounting for 19.44%. Other materials are resistant to insect or disease-resistant only, or disease-resistant or insect-resistant only in one year, such as materials 98-10-30 and 98-10-35a8 against Aphis gossypii, but sensitive to BYDV; Material Tam200 ( 13) G and PIG23 (2) C aphids, but inhibited BYDV. The prevalence of BYDV (disease incidence) and severity (disease index) were significantly associated with the rate of aphid strains and the severity was also significantly associated with the susceptible aphid index, but there was no significant correlation between the mean disease level and susceptible strains Sex. Suggesting that long-term evolution and selection in nature have saved many pest-resistant genes, but more resistant genes are only effective in certain aspects of disease resistance or insect resistance, requiring more attention.