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山药的药用部位,究竟是根、根茎或块茎,颇有争议。孙逢国(《中国中药杂志》19(1):58,1994)和艾广风(《中药材》17(2):35,1994)认为山药的药用部位无茎节、节间、叶痕和芽的地下茎特征,应为根,不为根茎。李文科(《中药材》17(11);13,1994)认为山药的药用部位为变态茎,与地上茎不同,不可能有明显的节和节间,为块茎,不为根茎。他们根据各自的观点,均提出,《中国药典》再版时,对山药的药用部位予以更正。就此,笔者对山药的药用部位及其所着生的须根作了组织解剖观察,以确定山药为根或地下茎。 1 试验材料及仪器
It is controversial whether medicinal sites of yams are roots, rhizomes or tubers. Sun Fengguo (“Chinese Journal of Chinese Materia Medica” 19 (1):58, 1994) and Ai Guangfeng (“Chinese Medicinal Materials” 17 (2):35, 1994) believe that there are no stem sections, internodes, and leaf marks in the medicinal parts of yam. The characteristics of the underground stem of the shoot should be rooted and not rooted. Li Wenke (“Chinese Medicinal Materials” 17 (11); 13, 1994) believes that medicinal sites of yam are abnormal stems. Unlike stems on the ground, they cannot have obvious nodes and internodes. They are tubers and not rhizomes. According to their respective viewpoints, they all suggested that when the Chinese Pharmacopoeia was republished, the medicinal sites of yam should be corrected. In this regard, the author made anatomical observations on the medicinal sites of yam and its fibrous roots to determine whether yams were roots or underground stems. 1 test materials and instruments