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三、线弹性断裂力学的基本概念 线弹性断裂力学的基础是格里菲斯(Griffith)在1920年首先建立的。他研究玻璃等脆性材料的裂纹扩展条件,从能量角度出发,得出了著名的裂纹扩展力公式:式中:G=(πσ~2a)/E=1/E(σ(πa)~(1/2))~2 G——裂纹每扩展单位长度(如1mm)所释放出来的能量; σ——垂直于裂纹的名义应力(加载水平);
Basic Concepts of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics The basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics was first established by Griffith in 1920. He studied the crack propagation conditions of brittle materials such as glass. From the energy point of view, he derived the famous formula of crack propagation force: where: G = (πσ ~ 2a) / E = 1 / E (π (πa) / 2)) ~ 2 G - Energy released by the crack per unit length (eg 1mm); σ - Nominal stress perpendicular to the crack (loading level);