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β_2—微球蛋白(β_2—m)由Berggard 等(1968)首先发现。β_2—m 由100个氨基酸组成,分子量为11,000,与HLA—1的L 链及同种抗原决定簇(H链)成非共价结合,分布在以淋巴细胞和单核细胞等免疫活性细胞为主的绝大多数细胞表面上。一般认为B_2—m 是由肿瘤细胞直接产生或由肿瘤中浸润的免疫活性细胞活化产生。如产生过多,超过肾脏的分解能力,势必造成血清中浓度增高。
β_2-microglobulin (β_2-m) was first discovered by Berggard et al. (1968). β_2-m consists of 100 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 11,000. It is non-covalently bound to the L chain and the same antigenic determinant (H chain) of HLA-1, and is distributed in the region of immunocompetent cells such as lymphocytes and monocytes Most of the Lord’s cells are on the surface. It is generally believed that B 2-m is produced either directly by tumor cells or by activation of immunocompetent cells infiltrating into the tumor. If produced too much, more than the ability of the kidneys decomposition, is bound to cause increased serum concentrations.