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与传统的荧光染料相比,量子点作为一种新型的无机荧光纳米材料,具有激发光谱宽而连续、发射光谱窄而对称、光稳定性好、荧光寿命长、量子产率高和生物毒性小等优点,被广泛地应用于生命科学的许多领域,其在细胞标记(固定细胞和离体活细胞)和活体示踪成像领域具有独特的应用优势。它突破了传统的有机荧光染料在荧光性能及生物毒性等方面的不可克服的缺陷。它的应用,极大地推动了生命体系高灵敏、原位、实时、动态示踪成像研究的发展。该文综述了量子点的荧光性质及其在细胞标记(固定细胞和离体活细胞)和活体实时动态示踪成像中的应用,并对其在荧光原位杂交,流式细胞术,实时荧光定量pcr等方面的应用前景进行了展望。
Compared with the traditional fluorescent dyes, quantum dots, as a new type of inorganic fluorescent nanomaterials, have wide and continuous excitation spectra, narrow and symmetrical emission spectra, good photostability, long fluorescence lifetime, high quantum yield and low biological toxicity Etc., are widely used in many fields of life sciences and have unique application advantages in the field of cell labeling (fixed cells and living cells) and in vivo tracking imaging. It has broken through the traditional organic fluorescent dye in the fluorescence properties and biological toxicity and other insurmountable defects. Its application has greatly promoted the development of highly sensitive, in-situ, real-time and dynamic tracer imaging of life system. This article reviews the fluorescence properties of quantum dots and their applications in real-time dynamic tracking of cell markers (fixed cells and living cells) and their applications in fluorescence in situ hybridization, flow cytometry, real-time fluorescence Quantitative pcr and other aspects of the prospects for the future.