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以垦鉴稻5号和垦稻12号为材料,采用负压式土壤湿度计监测盆栽控水试验土壤水势。研究了结实前水分供应对寒地水稻穗部性状和产量的影响。结果表明:结实前进行-8~-10 kPa的间歇控水处理,两品种的收获穗数减少,穗粒数极显著地减少,结实率和千粒重增加;垦鉴稻5号的经济产量增加,垦稻12号的经济产量降低。结实前进行-18~-20 kPa和-28~-30 kPa的持续控水处理,两品种的穗长极显著地缩短;一次枝梗退化数增加;单穗重一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、穗数、穗粒数和千粒重显著或极显著降低;两品种的产量均极显著降低。结实前进行-8~-10 kPa的间歇控水处理可作为寒地水稻增产保优灌溉的土壤水势指标;结实前不宜持续进行土壤水势为-18~-20 kPa以下的控水处理。
Taking Kenjiandai 5 and Kenyao 12 as materials, the soil water potential of potted water control experiment was monitored by using negative pressure soil hygrometer. The effect of pre-emergence water supply on panicle traits and yield of rice in cold region was studied. The results showed that intermittent water treatment with -8 ~ -10 kPa before seed setting reduced the number of ears per panicle of two cultivars, and significantly reduced the number of grains per spike. The seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight increased. The economic yield of Kenjian 5 increased, The economic yield of Kenyon 12 is reduced. Before watering, the water-holding treatment of -18 ~ -20 kPa and -28 ~ -30 kPa were carried out. The spike length of the two cultivars shortened significantly, the number of primary branch degeneration increased, the number of primary branches per spike and the number of secondary branches , The number of spikes, the number of grains per spike and the weight of 1000 grains were significantly or extremely significantly decreased; the yield of both cultivars decreased significantly. The intermittent water control before -8 ~ -10 kPa could be used as soil water potential index to increase yield and irrigation in cold paddy field.