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Numerical simulations focusing on the impacting behavior of cold sprayed particles were usually conducted by the Lagrangian formulation.However,the calculated outputs were much dependent on the meshing size owing to the excessive element distortion.Therefore,the Eulerian formulation becomes attractive,because it can avoid the extreme distortion of elements.In the present study,a copper particle impact on the same material substrate in cold spraying was simulated using the Eulerian formulation available in the ABAQUS software(Ver 6.8).The dependency of the calculated outputs on the meshing resolution were detailedly investigated.Results show that the meshing resolution not only has an effect on the shape of the deformed particle,but also it can significantly influence the maximum plastic strain and temperature under a given impact velocity.In addition,the copper particle deformation process at the critical velocity of 310 m/s shows that a jet composed of both of the particle and substrate materials can be formed and gets elongated with the impact time.
Numerical simulations focusing on the impacting behavior of cold sprayed particles were generally conducted by the Lagrangian formulation. Despite, the calculated outputs were much dependent on the meshing size owing to the excessive element distortion. Therefore, the Eulerian formulation becomes attractive, because it can avoid the extreme distortion of elements. the present study, a copper particle impact on the same material substrate in cold spraying was simulated using the Eulerian formulation available in the ABAQUS software (Ver. 6.8). The dependency of the calculated outputs on the meshing resolution were detailedly investigated. Results show that the meshing resolution not only has an effect on the shape of the deformed particle, but also it can significantly influence the maximum plastic strain and temperature under a given impact velocity. In addition, the copper particle deformation process at the critical velocity of 310 m / s shows that a jet composed of both of the particle and substra te materials can be formed and gets elongated with the impact time.