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目的:用体重指数(BMI)对乌鲁木齐市儿童超重与肥胖情况进行连续3年的监测,以掌握儿童体重变化规律。方法:用整群随机抽样法抽取乌鲁木齐市内0～3岁儿童3 418例,用WHO月龄标准值离差法计算其BMI,连续测量3年,观察其变化规律。结果:0～3岁儿童超重率分别为20.4%、17.2%和15.7%;肥胖率分别为5.8%、3.0%和2.5%,均呈下降趋势。3～6岁儿童超重率分别为12.4%、11.2%、12.7%和12.5%,随年龄增长,超重率基本无变化;而肥胖率分别为2.8%、5.1%、6.9%和6.3%,随年龄增长,肥胖率呈上升趋势。0岁与5～6岁是发生儿童肥胖的两个高峰期。结论:BMI可方便、准确地评价儿童生长情况,重点开展0岁与5～6岁儿童科学育儿知识宣传教育,重视此阶段儿童肥胖的风险,能有效降低儿童肥胖的发生。
OBJECTIVE: To monitor the overweight and obesity of children in Urumqi for three consecutive years by using body mass index (BMI) to understand the changing rules of children’s weight. Methods: A total of 3 418 children aged 0 ~ 3 in Urumqi were collected by cluster sampling method. The BMI was calculated by standard age of WHO (WHO) standard deviation method. The changes were observed continuously for 3 years. Results: The overweight rates of children aged 0-3 years were 20.4%, 17.2% and 15.7% respectively; the obesity rates were decreased by 5.8%, 3.0% and 2.5% respectively. The overweight rates of children aged 3-6 years were 12.4%, 11.2%, 12.7% and 12.5%, respectively. With the increase of age, the rates of overweight were almost unchanged. The obesity rates were 2.8%, 5.1%, 6.9% and 6.3% Growth, the obesity rate is on the rise. 0-year-old and 5 to 6 years old are the two peak periods of childhood obesity. Conclusion: BMI can evaluate the growth of children easily and accurately. It emphasizes the publicity and education on scientific child-rearing knowledge of 0-year-old children and 5-6-year-olds, and attaches importance to the risk of childhood obesity at this stage, which can effectively reduce the incidence of childhood obesity.