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目的分析2009-2013年深圳市横岗手足口病流行病学特征,重点探讨手足口病发病重要年龄区间和发病风险,为制定手足口病防控措施和实施疫苗接种最佳年龄段提供科学依据。方法对横岗5年间收集≤3岁儿童手足口病2917例进行回顾性流行病学描述,计算0~36月龄组的RR值,计算各年龄段发病的相对风险。结果 2009-2013年深圳市横岗≤3岁儿童手足口病报告平均年发病率为117.8/10万~191.9/10万,发病率最高,共2917例,占总病例数的70.13%;以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,分别占78.82%和17.61%;病例中男童1859例(占63.72%)、女童1058例(占36.27%),男女性别比为1.76∶1。每年5~9月为发病高峰期,共3332例,占所发病例总数的80.07%。对0~36月龄的儿童组计算RR值,发现7~18月龄为手足口病的高发月龄,在13~18月龄达高峰(RR=15.97),19~36月龄缓慢下降(RR值从15下降到8)。结论深圳横岗手足口病发病率较高,应加强疫情监测,防控重点是7~18月龄的散居儿童和幼托儿童。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Henggang, Shenzhen in 2009-2013, and to explore the critical age and risk of HFMD. To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of HFMD and the optimal age for vaccination . Methods A retrospective epidemiological study on 2917 hand-foot-mouth disease in children aged ≤3 years was collected during the first five years of Henggang Hospital. The RR of 0 ~ 36 months old group was calculated and the relative risk of each age group was calculated. Results The average annual incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease in children ≤3 years of age from 2009 to 2013 in Shenzhen was 117.8 / 100 ~ 191.9 / 100 000 with the highest incidence rate of 2917 cases, accounting for 70.13% of the total number of cases. Children and kindergarten children accounted for 78.82% and 17.61%, respectively; 1859 boys (63.72%) and 1058 girls (36.27%) were girls, with a male / female ratio of 1.76: 1. From May to September each year, the incidence peak, a total of 3332 cases, accounting for 80.07% of the total number of cases. The RR of children aged 0-36 months was calculated and found to be high incidence of HFMD at 7-18 months, reaching the peak at 13-18 months (RR = 15.97) and slowly decreasing at 19-36 months (RR = RR value dropped from 15 to 8). Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease is high in Henggang, Shenzhen. Epidemic monitoring should be strengthened. The prevention and control focuses on diaspora and kindergarten children aged 7 to 18 months.