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人类技术创新经历了经验导向型技术创新、科学导向型技术创新、工程导向型技术创新三个历史阶段和三种模式。在工程导向型技术创新阶段,国家力量通过工程组织介入到技术创新过程中,大大加快了科学知识转化的速度,但也产生了一些值得注意的问题。国家以工程的方式介入到知识创新中,这种工程思维的僭越往往扼杀个人理论思维的创造。
Human technology innovation has experienced three historical stages and three modes of experience-oriented technology innovation, science-oriented technology innovation and engineering-oriented technology innovation. In engineering-oriented technological innovation stage, state forces intervened in the process of technological innovation through engineering organizations, greatly accelerating the speed of scientific knowledge transformation, but also brought some issues worth noting. In the way of engineering, the state intervenes in the knowledge innovation, and this kind of engineering thinking often stifles the creation of individual theoretical thinking.