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目的:对近年来唐山地区毒蛇咬伤情况进行调查分析。方法:我院2007年1月—2013年12月收治106例毒蛇咬伤患者,按区、县分布,咬伤季节,年龄、性别、职业、咬伤部位、严重程度、蛇种与蛇毒性质、临床表现、治疗方法等进行调查分析。结果:毒蛇咬伤率较高的是靠近燕山山脉的遵化市、迁西县、迁安市,占总数的84.9%,且以16:00~19:00为伤人高峰期;每年5~8月份发生咬伤最多,占总数的90.8%;农村中年男性是毒蛇咬伤的主体人数,占总数的69.8%;手指、足趾,手背、足背是主要受伤部位,占总数的92.4%;血循毒、轻型是唐山地区毒蛇咬伤的特点,轻型占总数的88.7%;致伤蛇种以蝮蛇为主;局部症状重,全身症状轻为临床特点;治疗与南方存在差异性;北方市民对毒蛇咬伤认识缺乏。结论:对本地区毒蛇咬伤情况,提出针对性预防措施,加强蛇伤高危人群的知识宣教,对降低本地区及驻地官兵蛇伤病死率及致残率具有指导意义。
Objective: To investigate the snakebite in Tangshan area in recent years. Methods: A total of 106 cases of snakebite patients were treated in our hospital from January 2007 to December 2013. According to the district and county distribution, the bite season, age, sex, occupation, site of bite, severity, snake species and venom toxicity, Clinical manifestations, treatment methods such as investigation and analysis. Results: The snakebite rate was higher in Zunhua City, Qianxi County and Qian’an City near the Yanshan Mountains, accounting for 84.9% of the total, and the peak was from 16:00 to 19:00. The number of bites in August was the highest, accounting for 90.8% of the total. Middle-aged rural men were the majority of snakebites, accounting for 69.8% of the total; fingers, toes, back of the hands and dorsal forearm were the major injuries, accounting for 92.4% ; Blood poisoning, light is characterized by poisonous snake bites in Tangshan, light accounted for 88.7% of the total; snakebite mainly snakebite; local symptoms, systemic symptoms of mild clinical features; treatment and the South there are differences; Northern citizens lack awareness of snake bites. Conclusion: Proposing preventive measures to prevent snakebite in this region and strengthening knowledge and education of snakebite high-risk groups are instructive in reducing the mortality and disability rate of snakebite in this area.