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计算机的问世,标志着人类社会科学技术发展进入到了一个新阶段。在其45年的发展历程中,已由采用电子管元件,仅能用于科学计算的第一代计算机发展到了今天采用超大规模集成电路及其它新物理器件为主要元件,具有处理声音、文字、图象和其它非数值数据,并有推理、联想、学习、智能会话和使用智能库等功能的信息处理机。计算机的应用范围已遍及人类社会生活和生产的各个领域、部门及家庭。计算机技术日新月异的发展,计算机对科学技术、经济建设和社会进步所发挥的巨大作用受到了全世界的重视。不仅发达国家,而且许多发展中国家,都拨出巨款,投资到计算机硬件研制、软件开发和人才培养等方面。尽管世界各国在社会制度、经济发展水平和教育体制各方面有所不同,但对计算机教育的发展都采取了积极扶持的政策。
The advent of computers, marking the development of human social science and technology has entered a new phase. In the course of its 45 years of development, the first generation of computers, which can only be used for scientific computing, have been developed using today’s electronic tube components. Today, ultra-large-scale integrated circuits and other new physical devices are the main components. They have the functions of processing sound, text, Elephant and other non-numerical data, and reasoning, associative, learning, intelligent conversation and the use of smart libraries and other functions of the information processor. The range of applications of computers has spread to all fields, departments and families in the life and production of human society. With the rapid development of computer technology, the tremendous role played by computers in science and technology, economic construction and social progress has received worldwide attention. Not only the developed countries, but also many developing countries have allocated huge sums of money to invest in computer hardware development, software development and personnel training. Although all countries in the world differ in their social system, economic development level and education system, they have all adopted positive support policies for the development of computer education.