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目的了解深圳市宝安区沙井街道企业生产员工高血压患病情况及影响因素,探索高血压健康教育工作对企业员工的必要性,为开展企业员工高血压干预提供依据。方法选择2015年6月在深圳市沙井预防保健所门诊部进行在岗期间职业健康检查的608名企业员工作为调查对象,统一发放调查表,调查人口学特征、高血压患病情况、相关知识了解情况、个人生活方式、压力及情绪等,分析该类人群高血压患病相关危险因素。结果深圳市沙井街道企业员工的高血压患病率为13.49%(82/608);不同年龄段人群高血压患病率不同,40~51岁组高血压患病率为58.89%(53/90)远高于18~29岁组的1.71%(4/234)(P<0.01);知道自己血压情况者的高血压患病率(7.41%,14/189)低于不知道者(16.23%,68/419)(P<0.01);知道高血压的危害者高血压患病率(5.51%,7/127)低于不知道者(15.59%,75/481)(P<0.01);知道高血压如何预防者高血压患病率(7.98%,13/163)低于不知道者(15.51%,69/445)(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:知道自己血压情况[OR=0.49(0.25~0.93)]、知道高血压的危害[OR=0.36(0.16~0.83)]、知道高血压如何预防[OR=0.51(0.27~0.97)]是高血压患病的保护因素。结论是否知道自己血压情况、高血压的危害及高血压如何预防影响企业员工高血压的患病率,要重视该人群的高血压健康教育。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influential factors of hypertension in production enterprises in Shajing Street, Bao’an District, Shenzhen City. To explore the necessity of hypertension health education for employees and to provide the basis for hypertension intervention in enterprises. Methods A total of 608 staff members from occupational health examination in Shenzhen Outpatient Department of Manhole Preventive Health Care Center were selected as the survey subjects in June 2015. The survey questionnaires were uniformly distributed to investigate demographic characteristics, prevalence of hypertension, knowledge of relevant knowledge, Personal lifestyle, stress and emotions, analyze the risk factors associated with hypertension in this population. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 13.49% (82/608) among the employees in Shajing Street in Shenzhen City. The prevalence of hypertension in different age groups was 58.89% (53/90) ) Were significantly higher than those in 18-29 age group (1.71%, 4/234) (P <0.01). The prevalence of hypertension (7.41%, 14/189) , 68/419) (P <0.01). The prevalence of hypertension was 5.51% (7/127), which was lower than 15.59% (75/481) (P <0.01) Hypertension how to prevent the prevalence of hypertension (7.98%, 13/163) were lower than those who did not know (15.51%, 69/445) (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that knowing the blood pressure [OR = 0.49 (0.25-0.93)] and knowing the harm of hypertension [OR = 0.36 (0.16-0.83)], knowing how to prevent hypertension [OR = 0.51 0.97)] is a protective factor of hypertension. Conclusion Whether to know their own blood pressure, the dangers of hypertension and hypertension how to prevent the prevalence of hypertension in business employees, we should pay attention to the health education of hypertension in the population.