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目的分析郑州市2007—2014年流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行特征,为制定防控策略和开展防治工作提供依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对所收集资料进行分析,对各医院疑似病毒性脑炎患者的血清或脑脊液标本应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行JEV-Ig M抗体检测,进行早期快速诊断。结果郑州市2007—2014年共报告66例乙脑病例,年平均发病率为0.13/10万,发病高峰为7和8月,占全年总发病数的83.33%;48.48%的病例分布在中牟县及巩义市;0~15岁组病例居多,占总病例数的69.69%;乙脑病例中主要以无免疫史和免疫史不详者为主,有43例,占病例总数的65.15%;24 h内诊断为乙脑比例为12.12%。结论郑州市乙脑发病率总体呈下降趋势,近年来呈低水平流行,但仍有散在病例产生,乙脑防控工作应继续加强。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Zhengzhou from 2007 to 2014, and provide evidence for prevention and control strategies and prevention and control. Methods The epidemiological method was used to analyze the collected data. Serum or cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with suspected viral encephalitis in each hospital were tested for JEV-Ig M antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for early rapid diagnosis. Results A total of 66 JE cases were reported from 2007 to 2014 in Zhengzhou City, with an average annual incidence of 0.13 per 100 000 and a peak incidence of 7 months and 8 months, accounting for 83.33% of the total number of cases in the year. 48.48% of the cases were distributed in Zhongmu County and Gongyi City. Most patients aged 0-15 years old accounted for 69.69% of the total number of cases. In JE cases, there were 43 cases (65.15% of all cases) with no history of immunization and unknown history of immunization. h in the diagnosis of JE ratio was 12.12%. Conclusions The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Zhengzhou is generally on the decline. In recent years, the incidence of Japanese encephalitis has been on a low level. However, there are still scattered cases. The prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis should be strengthened.