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结肠腺瘤是由腺上皮发生的良性肿瘤,其发病率我国约为1%,腺瘤在50岁以上发病率明显上升,50～60岁结肠腺瘤发病率为20～25%,>70岁者达50%,好发部位以直肠和乙状结肠为主,根据腺瘤的组织学特点分为管状腺瘤、管状绒毛腺瘤、绒毛状腺瘤、锯齿状腺瘤4种。根据腺瘤上皮的不典型增生程度又将分为轻、中、重度不典型增生3级。腺瘤属癌前病变,其癌变潜能与腺瘤的组织学类型、腺瘤的异型程度、腺瘤的大小、有无蒂密切相关,不典型增生程度越高、瘤体越大、广基,癌变率越高。
Colorectal adenoma is a benign tumor of the gland epithelium. The incidence is about 1% in our country. The incidence of adenoma is obviously higher than 50 years old. The incidence of colorectal adenoma is 50% to 60% Up to 50%, the predilection site to the rectum and sigmoid colon, according to histological features of adenoma is divided into tubular adenoma, tubular villous adenoma, villous adenoma, serrated adenomas 4. According to the degree of atypical hyperplasia of adenoma in turn will be divided into mild, moderate and severe dysplasia grade 3. Adenoma is precancerous lesions, its cancerous potential and histological type of adenoma, adenoma of the atypia, adenoma size, with or without the pedicle closely related to the higher the degree of atypical hyperplasia, the larger the tumor, wide base, The higher the rate of cancer.