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目的建立符合上海市儿童青少年生长发育特点的肺活量参考值及曲线,为监测本地区儿童青少年功能水平变化提供参照。方法以2014年上海市学生体质与健康调研6区15 421名7~18岁学生为样本,用偏度中位数—变异系数(LMS)法建立年龄别肺活量百分位数值及曲线。结果随着年龄增长,男、女生肺活量呈上升趋势,在12岁之前差异不大,12岁之后差异逐渐增大,各年龄组均为男生高于女生(P值均<0.01)。2014年上海市中小学生肺活量百分位数曲线随年龄增加呈增长趋势,各年龄组均高于全国同期水平,上海市儿童青少年肺活量百分位数存在性别差异。结论儿童青少年肺活量百分位数曲线图为上海市儿童青少年功能水平测量提供了一种直观评价方式。
Objective To establish a reference value and curve of vital capacity in line with the growth and development of children and adolescents in Shanghai, and to provide a reference for monitoring the functional level of children and adolescents in this area. Methods A total of 15,421 students aged 7-18 years in 6 districts of Shanghai Physical Fitness and Health Survey 2014 were used as samples to establish the age-specific lung volume percentage values and curves using skewness median-coefficient of variation (LMS). Results With the increase of age, the lung capacity of male and female students showed an upward trend. Before 12 years of age, the difference was not significant. The difference gradually increased after 12 years of age, and boys and girls were higher than girls in all age groups (P <0.01). In 2014, the curve of the vital capacity of primary and secondary school students in Shanghai showed an increasing trend with age, with all age groups higher than the same period of the whole country. There was a gender difference in the percentile of vital capacity of children and adolescents in Shanghai. Conclusion The chart of percentile of children and adolescents’ vital capacity provides an intuitive evaluation method for the functional level measurement of children and adolescents in Shanghai.