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针对程潮铁矿东区地表及构筑物开裂变形日趋严重的问题,采用GPS、水准仪和数字裂缝计开展了高精度的地表三维变形和井筒裂缝变形的监测工作。根据现场接近两年实测的东区地表位移和两主井井筒裂缝变形数据,分析了矿区地表及井筒变形规律和趋势。结合场地工程地质条件、采矿情况等,对监测结果出现的水平位移波动、裂缝闭合、区域变形差异等几种特殊现象作了分析和探讨。分析结果发现:采空区时空移动直接决定着地表及井筒变形趋势,场地工程地质和水文地质条件,如断层、节理、构造地应力场、地下水活动等间接控制着区域变形特征;西风井区相对东西两采空区特殊位置引起其附近水平位移出现波动现象;位移变形矢量旋转导致2009年1月以后井筒裂缝出现闭合趋势。
In view of the increasingly serious cracking and deformation of the surface and structures in the east area of Chengchao Iron Mine, the three-dimensional deformation of the surface and the deformation of the wellbore are monitored by GPS, water level gauge and digital crack meter. According to the measured data of the surface displacements in East China and the fractures of the two main shafts in the past two years, the deformation and trend of the surface and wellbore in the mining area are analyzed. Combining with the site engineering geological conditions, mining conditions and so on, several special phenomena such as horizontal displacement fluctuation, crack closure and regional deformation differences appeared in the monitoring results were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the spatial and temporal movement of goaf directly determines the deformation trend of surface and wellbore. The site engineering geology and hydrogeological conditions, such as faults, joints, tectonic stress field and groundwater activities, indirectly control the regional deformation characteristics; The special position of the two goafs caused the fluctuation of the horizontal displacement near them. The displacement deformation vector rotation led to the closure trend of wellbore cracks after January 2009.