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目的了解北京市顺义区实施新碘盐标准前后8~10岁学龄儿童、孕妇、育龄妇女的碘营养水平变化。方法采用整群随机抽样法,将顺义区按东、西、南、北、中划分5个抽样片区,在每个片区各随机抽取1个乡镇,每个乡镇随机选择1所中心小学,随机选取40名8~10岁在校儿童(男女各半)共计200人。每个片区各随机抽取2个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇随机抽取20名孕妇和20名育龄妇女,各200人进行尿碘水平检测。采用砷铈催化分光光度法(WS/T 107-2006)测定尿碘含量。结果近5年顺义区碘盐覆盖率及碘盐合格率稍有降低;儿童尿碘水平呈下降趋势(χ2=539.197,P<0.05),实施新碘盐标准前后尿碘中位数分别为228.9μg/L和187.0μg/L,差异有统计学意义(Z=-6.342,P<0.05);孕妇尿碘中位数调整前后分别为173.4μg/L和129.0μg/L,差异有统计学意义(Z=-8.301,P<0.05);尿碘<150μg/L者所占比例调整前为38.25%(153/400),调整后为60.19%(366/608),调整后高于调整前,差异有统计学意义(χ2=46.528,P<0.05);育龄妇女尿碘中位数调整前后分别为189.6μg/L和177.3μg/L,差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.559,P>0.05)。结论该区重点人群碘营养水平均有所下降,儿童和育龄妇女处于尿碘的适宜范围,孕妇尿碘水平处于碘缺乏状况。
Objective To understand the changes of iodine nutrition in school-age children, pregnant women and childbearing women aged 8-10 years before and after the implementation of the new iodized salt standard in Shunyi District, Beijing. Methods Random cluster sampling method was used to divide Shunyi District into five sampling areas according to East, West, South, North and Central China. One township and one township were randomly selected in each area. One township and town center were selected randomly and selected randomly 40 children aged 8 to 10 (half male and half female) total 200 people. Each district randomly selected 2 townships (streets), each township randomly selected 20 pregnant women and 20 women of reproductive age, 200 urine iodine levels were detected. Urine iodine content was determined using arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS / T 107-2006). Results The coverage rate of iodized salt and iodized salt pass rate in Shunyi District decreased slightly in the past five years. The urinary iodine level of children showed a decreasing trend (χ2 = 539.197, P <0.05), and the median of urinary iodine before and after the new iodized salt standard was 228.9 μg / L and 187.0 μg / L respectively (Z = -6.342, P <0.05). The median urinary iodine of pregnant women before and after adjustment was 173.4μg / L and 129.0μg / L, respectively, with statistical significance (Z = -8.301, P <0.05). The proportion of urine iodine <150μg / L was 38.25% (153/400) before adjustment and 60.19% (366/608) after adjustment, which was higher than that before adjustment The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 46.528, P <0.05). The median urinary iodine in women of childbearing age were 189.6μg / L and 177.3μg / L before and after adjustment respectively, with no significant difference (Z = -1.559, P> 0.05 ). Conclusion The levels of iodine nutrition of key population in this area have declined, children and women of childbearing age in the appropriate range of urinary iodine, urinary iodine levels in pregnant women in the status of iodine deficiency.