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采用 Griffing 方法Ⅰ ,利用6 ×6 完全 双 列杂 交对 旱 地冬 小麦 主 要性 状 的配 合力 、反 交效应和遗 传规律进 行了研 究。结果 表明,研究 的8 个性 状中, 株高、主穗 长、千粒 重、单 株重 的一 般配合力、特殊配合 力和反交 效应方 差达显著 或极显 著水平;穗 下节 长、成 穗率 的一 般配 合力 和反 交效应方差 达显著差 异,穗粒 数仅反 交效 应 方差 达显 著 水平 ,而 结实 小穗 三 种方 差均 不 显著 。大 多数性状的 遗传背景 是加性 基因效应 占优 势; 旱地 小麦 农 艺性 状 具有 较高 的 遗传 力, 而产 量性 状 具有较低的 遗传力 。
Griffing method Ⅰ was used to study the combining ability, reciprocal effect and genetic law of main traits of winter wheat on 6 × 6 full diallel cross in dryland. The results showed that among the eight traits studied, the variance of plant height, main spike length, 1000-grain weight, weight per plant, general combining ability, special combining ability and cross-reaction effect reached significant or extremely significant level. There was significant difference between the general combining ability and the reciprocal effect, the variance of the spikelets number was only significant, but the three kinds of variance of the spikelet were not significant. The genetic background of most traits is additive gene effect predominance; agronomic traits of wheat in dryland have high heritability, while yield traits have lower heritability.