王奕讲酒店讲设计 酒店基因与当代潮流

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  从欧洲到北美,半个多世纪以来,因缘经济结构与社会生活的变迁,以及文化历史、城市进化、交通和旅游发展等各种因素,在豪华大酒店统治旅行接待业的同时,越来越多的小型酒店也在世界大都市的古城老区里应运而生,近二十年来,这些小酒店逐渐找到了自己真正的归属和名分:“精品酒店”。
  无论大酒店小酒店,老酒店新酒店,都在互相关注取长补短,虽有竞争但同行默契。尤其是各国的精品酒店,很多已摸索出使自己身价倍增的经营模式和设计套路,令人称羡。近年来,从西方老城衍生而来的“精品酒店”概念已经深入人心踏足全球,不仅侵入世界各大城市繁华街区,也在风景名胜地悄悄试水精品度假休闲酒店。
  最近几年,传统豪华大酒店可能第一次发现与自己对垒的另一种庞大的酒店类型正在市场中快速蔓延,这就是已经拥有一套全新盈利体系和设计模版的,国际范儿的精品酒店。
  以小博大,以多胜少,以精胜俗,以新胜旧——当代精品酒店的发展潮流已经势不可挡。
  来自欧洲的酒店基因
  欧洲大陆是近代世界文明的发祥地,欧洲古老都市的形成和巩固经千百年积淀,愈加成熟愈加优雅,成为世界文化、历史、建筑和艺术的宝库。90%的欧洲本土人,无论成败、无论贫富,都在慢慢地平静地享受着早已习惯的生活,两次世界大战没能改变他们,今天的点滴恐怖主义威胁也不会改变他们,他们的多数注定在文化的沉浸和固定的节奏中生活始终。
  欧洲的经典酒店,多在数百年老建筑中诞生,至今未变,是欧洲数代城市居民的生活记忆,最典型的就是所谓豪华古典酒店(Luxury Classic Hotel)。
  在欧洲,古典就是豪华,年代就是价值。
  这种豪华古典酒店,在欧洲主要大城市里共有不足一百家,就像城市里的教堂一样,有多少就是多少,以后很难再有新的增加。
  与此同时,仍有太多坚固的老银行,优雅的老修道院和高大空落的老宅旧店隐秘在欧洲多国的城市和近郊的历史街区中闲散度日,来自中东和亚洲的重磅资本以及欧洲各地的小股投资基金便紛纷找上门来。于是,老房子的主人,那些爷爷辈的老兄弟们便聚在一起做出决定,欧洲大城市里由此衍生着一个又一个精品酒店,直到今天仍在继续,而且越来越成熟、越来越富有价值,越来越成为城市中设计和艺术的展示窗口,越来越受市场的关注和客人的喜爱。
  应该说,从欧洲开始,当代酒店的基因正在繁衍中变异和升华。
  美国:当代酒店的弄潮者
  美国,虽然距离欧洲大陆不太远,却和欧洲有着完全不同的生活方式价值观。
  欧洲的室内设计师和美国的室内设计师就有所不同,前者慢而求静,后者快而好动。渴望更加成功的欧洲亚洲的优秀建筑师和室内设计师只好寻求美国式的包装宣传,不仅重视美国设计界举办的活动,也会尝试在美国生活长住,这对获得更多的名望和更多的业务信息帮助很大,即使是精品酒店,即使只在某个酒店里做局部区域的设计,只要能在美国有项目,都会取得事半功倍的宣传效果。就像各国最好的电影导演和演员,也渴望得到好莱坞和奥斯卡的承认。
  留在欧洲的人和常住美国的欧洲人,似乎已经在意识形态上分道扬镳。前者更加渴望精神的自由,后者更加追求财富,崇尚名利和成功,各有道理,见仁见智。
  欧洲的优秀建筑师和设计师,有很多优秀的作品,但没有在美国混生活,就难以出名。
  众所周知,在美国出名就等同于在世界出名,美国的杂志是美国文化中的名人制造场,美国文化艺术设计界的几个评奖大秀早已搞的全世界唯其马首是瞻。这个事实,把美国的喧嚣和欧洲的宁静对比的无以复加。
  但不喧嚣不弄潮就不是美国,不包装作秀不制造品牌就有违美国文化的精髓。精品酒店,这个充满欧洲基因的小精灵,终于也被美国再造了。1999年,美国杂志《HOTELS》第一次提到“Boutique Hotel(精品酒店)”的概念,紧接着多本美国出版的酒店类设计类书刊陆续引用这个概念。逐渐,欧洲人开始理解和喜欢这个词汇,因为太契合他们的实际了。
  二十年后的今天,我们看见,精品酒店不仅有了名分,而且有了章法:定位、投资、设计和经营的一整套章法。我想这不一定都归功于美国人,实际上欧洲和亚洲的投资人与前卫设计师们功不可没。有趣的是,相比美国,新风格酒店版本反而在欧洲和亚洲发展更快,精彩的样板更多,优秀的设计师也很多;而美国出现的最新酒店设计好作品,似乎都出自欧洲亚洲设计师之手。如2015年刚到纽约开店的意大利设计师贝罗·里索尼Piero Lissoni,比利时著名的老贵族“农家院侘寂大师”阿塞尔·维伍德(Axel Vervoordt),以及西班牙的简奢女王帕希利亚·乌奎奥拉Patricia Urquiola;安缦酒店的御用建筑师澳大利亚人凯瑞·希尔Kerry Hill,印尼著名室内设计师嘉亚·伊普拉辛 Jaya Ibrahim,还有日本长野轻井泽虹夕诺雅酒店迷人建筑的首创者女建筑师东利惠等等,让人目不暇接。
  在美国,我们也看到极个别的酒店创意另类,比如自称应该得室内设计师大奖的喜达屋品牌创始人巴里·斯特里克,1999年是他先创造了W时尚酒店,2015年又是他创造了“1”环保酒店,他身居纽约领跑世界,其酒店概念革命的速度实在太快,很少有人跟得上,非要跟的很多会水土不服。不过,这些前卫设计的理念和榜样被西方时尚媒体推向全球后,很快影响了很多设计师和酒店业主。
  美国,依然是酒店品牌的制造厂,也是当代酒店造星的操手。值得关注的,倒是世界上一些原本高大上的、倚老卖老的豪华酒店品牌迅速老旧,发展停滞,已经落在新型精品酒店的后边。
  今天,酒店不比大小和奢华,只比独特和智慧。
  Hotel Genes from Europe
  From Europe to North America, for more than half a century, due to various factors such as changes in economic structure and social life as well as cultural history, urban evolution, transportation, and tourism development, luxury hotels have become increasingly dominant in the travel industry. At the mean time, many small hotels have also emerged in the old city districts of the world metropolis. Over the past two decades, these small hotels have gradually found their true affiliation and name: "Boutique Hotel".   No matter whether it is a big hotel or a small hotel, an old hotel or new hotel, they are paying attention to each other to learn from each other, although there is competition but there is also the same understanding. Especially the boutique hotels of various countries, many have already figured out their own business models and design routines that increased their own value multiple times. In recent years, the "boutique hotel" concept derived from the Western old city has penetrated into the world and has not only intruded into the bustling streets of major cities in the world, but also quietly tested the water in the resort area.
  In recent years, the traditional luxury hotel may have discovered for the first time that another type of hotel that rivals itself is rapidly spreading in the market. This is an international boutique hotel that already has a new profit system and design template.
  Though small in size, few in quantity, the boutique hotels beat the other with its sophistication and newness – now the development trend of contemporary boutique hotels has become overwhelming.
  The European continent is the birthplace of modern world civilization. The formation and consolidation of ancient European cities have accumulated over thousands of years and become increasingly mature and elegant. They have become a treasure house of world culture, history, architecture and art. Ninety percent of European natives, whether successful or not, rich or poor, are slowly and peacefully enjoying their long-accustomed lives. The two World Wars failed to change them. Today's terrorist threat will not change them. Most of them are destined to live in the constant rhythm of culture and life.
  Most of the classic European hotels were born in centuries-old buildings and this has not changed so far. They are the memories of the generations of European city residents. The most typical is the so-called Luxury Classic Hotel.
  In Europe, classicism is luxury and time is value.
  There are less than 100 such luxury classical hotels in the major European cities. Just like churches in the city, it will be difficult to make new additions in the future.
  At the same time, there are still too many stubborn old banks, elegant old abbeys and old, empty old houses hidden in the European cities and the suburbs of the historical district. So the capital from the Middle East and Asia and small-cap investment funds across Europe have come to knock on the doors. As a result, the owners of the old house, the old brothers of the grandfather's generation, gathered together to make the decision. One after another, the boutique hotels were born from the big European cities. It continues to this day and is becoming more mature, more valuable, the more the display window of design and art in the city, and is also more concerned by the market and loved by the guests.   It should be said that from Europe, the genes of contemporary hotels are mutating and sublimating.
  United States:Wavesetters in Contemporary Hotels
  Although the United States is not far from the European continent, it has a completely different lifestyle value than Europe.
  European interior designers differ from American interior designers in that the former is slow and quiet, while the latter is quick and dynamic. The outstanding architects and interior designers in Europe and Asia who are eager to be more successful have to seek American-style packaging publicity. They not only pay attention to the activities organized by the American design community, but also try to live in the United States for a longer period of time. This helps to obtain more prestige and more business information. Even if it is a boutique hotel, even if one only designs a local area in a certain hotel, if he can have a project in the United States, we will get twice the result of the publicity. Just like the best film directors and actors in each country, also yearn for Hollywood and Oscar recognition.
  Those Europeans who remain in Europe and those who live in the United States seem to have parted ways in ideology. The former is more eager for spiritual freedom, the latter is more into pursuing wealth, fame and success, and each has their reasons and opinions.
  The outstanding architects and designers in Europe have many excellent works, but they have no chance to become famous without living in the United States.
  As we all know, being famous in the United States is equivalent to being famous in the world. The American magazine is a celebrity manufacturing field in American culture. Just a few awards in the arts and design circles of the United States are considered as the world's best benchmark. This fact shows the contrast between the bustling noise in United States and the quietude in Europe.
  However, it is not the United States if it does not make waves. If you do not package or make brands, you violate the essence of American culture. The boutique hotel, the elf full of European genes, was finally recreated in the United States. In 1999, the American magazine "HOTELS" mentioned the concept of "Boutique Hotel" for the first time, which is followed by many books on hotel design published by the United States. Gradually, Europeans began to understand and like this term because the concept fit in with their actual situation.   Twenty years later, we saw that the boutique hotel not only had a name, but also had a system and method: orientation, investment, design, and operation. I don't think this is all due to the Americans. Actually, European and Asian investors and avant-garde designers have contributed as well. Interestingly, compared to the United States, the new-style hotel version has been developing faster in Europe and Asia, with more exciting models and more outstanding designers; while the latest good hotel designs in the United States have appeared to be from European Asian designers. For example, Piero Lissoni, an Italian designer who opened his own store in New York in 2015, Axel Vervoordt, a famous old nobleman in Belgium, "The Master of the Farmhouse", and the simple-lux queen Patricia Urquiola of Spain, Aman's exclusive architect Kerry Hill of Australia, famous Indonesian interior designer Jaya Ibrahim, and Rie Azuma, the architect of Hoshinoya Karuizawa, in Nagano, Japan.
  In the U.S., we also see very few hotel alternatives, such as Barry Sternlicht, the Starwood brand founder who claims he deserves the award for interior designers. In 1999, he first created the W Hotel. In 2015, he Created "1" environmental protection hotel. He lives in New York and leads the world. The speed of his hotel concept revolution is too fast. Few people can keep up with it. However, these avant-garde design ideas and role models have been pushed to the world by Western media, and soon affected many designers and hotel owners.
  The United States is still the manufacturer of the hotel brand and is also the operator of the contemporary hotel star making. It is worth noting that some luxury hotel brands in the world that were originally elegant and grandiose, swiftly turn old and stagnant, and have fallen behind the new boutique hotels.
  Today, the hotels are no longer about size and luxury, but about uniqueness and wisdom.
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