论文部分内容阅读
目的掌握石家庄市流行性乙型脑炎的疫情特征和健康人群流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)抗体水平,分析乙脑发病与人群免疫水平的关系。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2000-2014年石家庄市监测的乙脑病例进行分析。于2003、2013和2014年选择监测点,采用整群抽样的方法,分8个年龄组分别采集健康人群血清标本,应用间接法ELISA检测乙脑Ig G抗体。结果石家庄市自2000-2012年,乙脑发病均在个位数。2013年发生暴发报告120例病例。发病集中在10月占63.92%,50~岁组和60~岁组发病数最多,以农民为主。2003、2013和2014年健康人群抗体阳性率分别为30.89%、13.41%和65.02%。不同年及不同年龄组人群乙脑抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义。低流行年人群抗体水平主要受免疫接种效果影响,高流行年后受人群隐性感染率影响整体抗体水平均上升。结论 2000年以来除2013年,石家庄市乙脑发病率维持在较低水平。人群抗体水平的降低会增加乙脑的发病风险。应在提高疫苗接种率和接种质量的同时长期监测人群免疫水平,及时预测乙脑流行。
Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Jijiazhuang City and the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) antibody in healthy population and to analyze the relationship between encephalitis B incidence and population immunity. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze JE surveillance in Shijiazhuang from 2000 to 2014. The monitoring points were selected in 2003, 2013 and 2014, and the serum samples were collected from healthy population in 8 age groups by cluster sampling method. IgE antibody against JE was detected by indirect ELISA. Results Shijiazhuang City, from 2000 to 2012, the incidence of Japanese encephalitis in the single digits. Outbreak in 2013 reported 120 cases. The incidence of concentrated in October accounted for 63.92%, 50 ~ group and 60 ~ group the highest incidence of disease, mainly farmers. The positive rates of antibody in healthy population in 2003, 2013 and 2014 were 30.89%, 13.41% and 65.02% respectively. The positive rates of Japanese encephalitis B in different years and different age groups were statistically different. Antibody levels in the population with low prevalence are mainly affected by the immunization effect, and the level of overall antibody is affected by the recessive infection rate of the population after the high-prevalence year. Conclusion In addition to 2013, the incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Shijiazhuang City has remained at a relatively low level since 2000. Lower antibody levels in humans increase the risk of developing encephalitis. Long-term monitoring of population immunity should be carried out while raising the vaccination rate and vaccination quality so as to predict the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in a timely manner.