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目的了解母传麻疹抗体的基础水平对新生儿获得被动抗体的影响,为科学地制定预防麻疹措施、降低小月龄婴儿麻疹发病提供依据。方法在深圳市福田区妇幼保健院产科随机选取的100名产妇及所生新生儿及在该院妇保门诊随机抽取的100名育龄妇女作为研究对象,外周静脉采血测定麻疹Ig G抗体水平,对研究对象进行问卷调查。结果血清麻疹Ig G抗体阳性率、保护率、几何抗体平均浓度(GMC)从新生儿组到育龄妇女组、妊娠母亲组逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄、户籍、文化程度的妊娠母亲麻疹Ig G抗体水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。将妊娠母亲按有麻疹自然感染史、有接种疫苗史但无麻疹发病、无麻疹自然感染史且无接种史分为3组,3组麻疹Ig G抗体阳性率及保护率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),麻疹自然感染母亲抗体水平高于疫苗接种母亲及无麻疹自然感染且无接种母亲(P<0.05)。母亲麻疹Ig G抗体水平与新生儿麻疹Ig G抗体水平有显著的正相关(r=0.9169,P<0.01)。结论母亲麻疹Ig G抗体水平是影响婴儿麻疹发病率的重要原因,建议对育龄妇女进行麻疹疫苗接种,以提高婴儿胎传抗体水平。
Objective To understand the influence of the basal level of measles-maternal antibody on passive antibodies in newborn infants, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of measles and reduce the incidence of measles in young month-old infants. Methods A total of 100 maternal and newborn infants randomly selected from the obstetrics department of Futian District Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Shenzhen City and 100 women of childbearing age randomly selected from the women’s health clinics in the hospital were selected as research objects. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected to determine Ig G antibody level of measles. Subjects were surveyed. Results The positive rate of Ig G antibody, protective rate and geometric mean antibody (GMC) of serum measles were gradually decreased from neonatal group to women of childbearing age group and pregnant mothers group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in IgG antibody levels among pregnant mothers with different age, household registration and educational level (P> 0.05). According to the history of pregnant women infected with natural history of measles, vaccination history but no measles disease, no history of natural infection without measles and no history of vaccination are divided into three groups, three groups of measles Ig G antibody positive rate and the protective rate was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The level of maternal antibodies to natural infection of measles was higher than that of vaccinated mothers and those without natural measles infection (P <0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between maternal measles Ig G antibody levels and neonatal measles Ig G antibody levels (r = 0.9169, P <0.01). Conclusion The level of Ig G antibody in measles of mothers is an important factor influencing the incidence of measles in infants. It is suggested that measles vaccine be given to women of childbearing age so as to raise the level of fetus antibodies in babies.