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国内现行规范对桥梁设计提出的要求是适用、经济、安全、美观,这些要求基本上包含了人们关心的所有重要问题。具体的设计过程按承载能力和正常使用两种极限状态来进行。前者是控制结构在丧失服务能力临界状态时的承载能力、设计的基本原则是要求荷载效应不利组合的设计值,必须小于或等于结构抗力的设计值。利用荷载安全系数、材料安全系数及工作条件系数来考虑不确定因素作用下的结构总体的安全储备,是一个半概率的极限状态设计法。可以认为是对安全性要求的保证。后者控制结构在正常使用状态时应力、裂缝和变形小于一定的限值,对应于适用性的要求。主要针对我桥梁设计存在的问题及形成原因进行了简要的探讨,并针对问题提出了一些解决措施。
The current domestic norms of bridge design requirements are applicable, economic, security, aesthetics, these requirements basically include all the important issues of concern. The specific design process by carrying capacity and normal use of two extreme conditions to carry out. The former is the carrying capacity of the control structure in the event of loss of service capability. The basic principle of design is that the design value of the unfavorable combination of load effects must be less than or equal to the design value of structural resistance. Using the load safety factor, the material safety factor and the working condition coefficient to consider the overall safety reserve of the structure under the influence of uncertain factors is a semi-probabilistic limit state design method. Can be considered as a guarantee of safety requirements. The latter control structure in normal use state stress, cracks and deformation less than a certain limit, corresponding to the requirements of applicability. Mainly for my bridge design problems and causes of a brief discussion, and put forward some solutions for the problem.